Educational research serves multiple purposes, including improving teaching and learning, evaluating program effectiveness, and informing educational policies and decisions.

Experimental research involves manipulating an independent variable to observe its impact on a dependent variable, allowing for the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships.

Internal validity ensures that the research findings are accurate and not influenced by confounding variables, while external validity determines the extent to which the findings can be applied to different populations and settings.

Data analysis involves summarizing, organizing, and interpreting research data to identify patterns, test hypotheses, and draw conclusions that contribute to the understanding of educational phenomena.

The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the means of two groups to determine if there is a significant difference between them.

A literature review helps researchers identify existing knowledge, gaps in the research literature, develop a theoretical framework, and justify the need for their research study.

Ethical considerations in educational research are crucial to protect participants' rights, ensure accurate and valid findings, and maintain the integrity of the research profession.

Educational research plays a vital role in informing educational policy and decision-making by providing evidence-based support, identifying areas for reform, and evaluating the effectiveness of educational programs and interventions.

Interviews, focus groups, observations, and document analysis are all commonly used methods for collecting qualitative data in educational research.

A pilot study serves multiple purposes, including testing the feasibility of the research design, identifying issues with research instruments, and collecting preliminary data for the main study.

Correlation analysis, regression analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling are all commonly used statistical methods for analyzing relationships between variables in educational research.

Disseminating research findings is crucial to inform educational practitioners and policymakers, contribute to the body of knowledge in education, and promote collaboration and knowledge-sharing among researchers.

Experimental research is commonly used to investigate the effectiveness of educational interventions by manipulating an independent variable and observing its impact on a dependent variable.

Theory plays a crucial role in educational research by providing a conceptual framework, guiding the research design and methodology, and helping interpret and explain research findings.

Surveys, questionnaires, tests, and performance assessments are all commonly used methods for collecting quantitative data in educational research.