Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the three macronutrients that provide the body with energy and building blocks for growth and repair. Vitamins are micronutrients that are needed in smaller amounts for various bodily functions.

Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy. They are broken down into glucose, which is then used for energy by cells throughout the body.

A complete protein contains all nine essential amino acids that the body cannot produce on its own. Eggs are a good source of complete protein, along with other animal products such as meat, fish, and poultry.

Fats serve several functions in the body, including providing energy, insulating the body, producing hormones, and transporting vitamins. However, their primary function is to insulate the body and protect it from heat loss.

Vitamin K is essential for the production of prothrombin, a protein that is necessary for blood clotting. Without adequate vitamin K, the blood cannot clot properly, which can lead to excessive bleeding.

Citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruits, and lemons, are the primary source of vitamin C in the human diet. Vitamin C is an important antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage.

Iron is an essential mineral that is necessary for the production of red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body, and without adequate iron, the body cannot produce enough red blood cells, leading to anemia.

Fiber is a type of carbohydrate that cannot be digested by the human body. It plays an important role in promoting digestive health by adding bulk to stool and helping to move it through the digestive tract.

Yogurt is a fermented dairy product that contains live probiotics, which are beneficial bacteria that can help to improve gut health. Probiotics can help to improve digestion, boost the immune system, and reduce the risk of certain diseases.

Overeating is the term for the excessive consumption of food. It can lead to weight gain, obesity, and other health problems. Gluttony is a sin in some religions that refers to excessive eating or drinking. Binge eating is a disorder characterized by episodes of uncontrolled eating.

Peanuts are a common food allergy. They contain proteins that can trigger an allergic reaction in some people. Symptoms of a peanut allergy can include hives, swelling, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis.

Veganism is the term for the avoidance of all animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs, and honey. Vegetarians avoid meat, but may consume dairy and eggs. Pescetarians avoid meat and poultry, but may consume fish and seafood. Flexitarianism is a term for people who primarily follow a vegetarian or vegan diet, but occasionally consume animal products.

Rice is a staple food in many cultures around the world. It is a good source of carbohydrates, protein, and vitamins. Wheat is also a common staple food, especially in Western cultures. Corn and potatoes are also important staple foods in many parts of the world.

Food anthropology is the study of the relationship between food and culture. It examines how food is produced, consumed, and shared within different cultures, and how food practices shape and are shaped by social, economic, and environmental factors.

Roti is a traditional Indian flatbread that is made from whole wheat flour. It is typically cooked on a tava (griddle) and can be served with a variety of dishes, such as curries, vegetables, and lentils.