The standard of deferred payment is not a function of money. It refers to the unit of account used to measure the value of future payments, such as interest rates or loan repayments.

As a medium of exchange, money allows individuals to exchange goods and services without the need for direct barter, simplifying transactions and promoting economic efficiency.

As a unit of account, money provides a common base for comparing the prices of different goods and services, allowing individuals to make informed economic decisions and compare the relative values of different items.

As a store of value, money allows individuals to save and accumulate wealth over time by holding it in various forms, such as cash, bank deposits, or investments, which can be used to make future purchases or investments.

Scarcity of money is not a characteristic of a sound monetary system. A sound monetary system should have a sufficient supply of money to meet the needs of the economy without causing inflation or deflation.

According to the quantity theory of money, an increase in the quantity of money leads to an increase in the price level, assuming other factors remain constant.

Credit money is not a type of money in the traditional sense. It refers to various forms of debt instruments, such as loans, bonds, and promissory notes, which can be used to make payments.

The primary function of central banks is to regulate the quantity of money in circulation to maintain price stability and promote economic growth.

Fiscal policy is not a monetary policy tool. It refers to government spending and taxation policies, which are used to influence the economy.

The main objective of monetary policy is to maintain price stability, which helps to promote economic growth and stability.

Inflation decreases the value of money because it reduces its purchasing power, meaning that each unit of money can buy fewer goods and services.

Increased investment is not a consequence of deflation. Deflation typically leads to decreased economic activity, increased unemployment, and increased purchasing power of money.

Money facilitates economic growth by enabling the efficient allocation of resources, allowing individuals and businesses to make informed decisions about how to use their resources.

The availability of credit is not a factor that directly determines the demand for money. However, it can influence the demand for money indirectly by affecting the level of economic activity and the interest rate.

An increase in the interest rate typically leads to a decrease in the demand for money because it becomes more attractive to hold assets that earn interest, such as bonds and savings accounts.