Saudi Arabia is the world's largest producer of crude oil, accounting for approximately 12% of global production.

Energy colonialism refers to the control of a country's energy resources by a foreign power, often through economic or political means.

The Middle East is often referred to as the 'Global Energy Triangle' due to its vast reserves of oil and natural gas, and its strategic location for energy trade.

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an international organization that promotes cooperation among oil-producing countries.

China is the world's largest consumer of energy, accounting for approximately 24% of global energy consumption.

Energy vulnerability refers to the vulnerability of a country's energy supply to disruption, often due to factors such as political instability, natural disasters, or supply chain disruptions.

China is the world's largest producer of renewable energy, accounting for approximately 30% of global renewable energy production.

Energy transition refers to the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, often driven by concerns about climate change and energy security.

The United States is the world's largest producer of natural gas, accounting for approximately 23% of global production.

Energy sovereignty refers to the control of a country's energy resources by its own government, often through policies such as nationalization or resource management.

China is the world's largest producer of coal, accounting for approximately 50% of global production.

Energy geopolitics refers to the geopolitical competition for access to and control of energy resources, often involving countries, regions, and international organizations.

The United States is the world's largest producer of nuclear energy, accounting for approximately 30% of global nuclear energy production.

Energy price volatility refers to the vulnerability of a country's energy supply to price fluctuations, often due to factors such as supply and demand dynamics, geopolitical events, or economic conditions.

China is the world's largest producer of hydroelectric power, accounting for approximately 30% of global hydroelectric power production.