The Sulba Sutras, dating back to the 8th century BCE, are a collection of mathematical texts that provide detailed instructions for constructing altars and performing Vedic rituals, showcasing the practical applications of mathematics in ancient India.

The concept of 'Shunya' or 'Zero' revolutionized mathematics by enabling the development of place-value notation, where the position of a digit determines its value. This fundamental concept laid the foundation for modern arithmetic and computation.

Aryabhata, a renowned mathematician and astronomer, introduced the concept of 'Infinity' in his seminal work, the Aryabhatiya. He recognized the limitless nature of numbers and explored the idea of transfinite quantities.

The concept of 'Maya' in Indian philosophy refers to the illusory nature of the material world. It suggests that the world we perceive is a veil of illusion, and true reality lies beyond the senses, emphasizing the importance of seeking spiritual liberation.

The concept of 'Dharma' in Indian thought influenced mathematical studies by encouraging the pursuit of mathematics for religious purposes. Ancient Indian mathematicians believed that understanding mathematical principles could lead to spiritual enlightenment and a deeper connection with the divine.

Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, introduced the concept of 'Anatman' or 'No-Self'. This philosophical idea challenges the notion of a permanent, unchanging self and emphasizes the impermanence and interconnectedness of all phenomena.

The concept of 'Karma' in Indian thought influenced mathematical studies by encouraging the pursuit of mathematics for personal and spiritual growth. Ancient Indian mathematicians believed that understanding mathematical principles could help individuals understand the consequences of their actions and attain spiritual liberation.

Adi Shankara, a renowned Indian philosopher, developed the theory of 'Advaita Vedanta' or 'Non-Dualism'. This philosophical system emphasizes the unity of all existence and the illusory nature of the world, asserting that the individual self and the ultimate reality are one and the same.

The concept of 'Moksha' or 'Liberation' in Indian thought influenced mathematical studies by encouraging the pursuit of mathematics for ethical and moral decision-making. Ancient Indian mathematicians believed that understanding mathematical principles could help individuals make wise choices and lead virtuous lives.

Ramanuja, a renowned Indian philosopher, propounded the concept of 'Bhakti' or 'Devotion'. This philosophical system emphasizes the importance of devotion and surrender to a personal god, asserting that love and devotion are the means to achieve spiritual liberation.

The concept of 'Lila' or 'Divine Play' in Indian thought influenced mathematical studies by encouraging the pursuit of mathematics for aesthetic and creative purposes. Ancient Indian mathematicians believed that mathematics could be used to express beauty, harmony, and creativity, reflecting the divine playfulness of the universe.

Madhvacharya, a renowned Indian philosopher, developed the theory of 'Dvaita Vedanta' or 'Dualism'. This philosophical system asserts the distinctness of the individual self and the ultimate reality, emphasizing the importance of devotion and surrender to a personal god.

The concept of 'Jnana' or 'Knowledge' in Indian thought influenced mathematical studies by encouraging the pursuit of mathematics for intellectual and philosophical pursuits. Ancient Indian mathematicians believed that understanding mathematical principles could lead to a deeper understanding of the nature of reality and the universe.

Ramanuja, a renowned Indian philosopher, propounded the concept of 'Vishishtadvaita' or 'Qualified Non-Dualism'. This philosophical system asserts the unity of all existence while recognizing the distinctness of individual souls and the ultimate reality, emphasizing the importance of devotion and surrender to a personal god.