Vainu Bappu is credited with developing the Bappu-Morgan classification system for galaxies, which is based on their visual appearance and morphological characteristics.

The Nilgiri Galaxy Catalog is a comprehensive catalog of galaxies compiled by Indian astronomers using observations made at the Vainu Bappu Observatory in Kavalur, India.

Somnath Bharadwaj conducted extensive studies on spiral galaxies, focusing on their structure, dynamics, and evolution.

The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) is a radio telescope array located near Pune, India. It has been used for observations of galaxies, including studies of their radio emission and structure.

Tulika Mitra made significant contributions to the development of the Tully-Fisher relation, which relates the luminosity of a spiral galaxy to its rotation speed.

Astrosat is an Indian satellite launched in 2018. It is equipped with various instruments for studying galaxies, including X-ray and ultraviolet telescopes.

Jayant Narlikar has conducted extensive research on the evolution of galaxies and the formation of galaxy clusters, proposing theories and models to explain these processes.

The Devasthal Observatory is an astronomical observatory located in the Himalayas in India. It has been used for observations of galaxies, including studies of their structure and dynamics.

Govind Swarup conducted extensive research on active galactic nuclei, focusing on their radio emission and the properties of their central black holes.

The Astronomical Society of India (ASI) is a professional society that promotes the study of astronomy and astrophysics in India. It organizes conferences, workshops, and public outreach events.

Somnath Bharadwaj conducted extensive research on the formation and evolution of elliptical galaxies, proposing theories and models to explain their observed properties.

The Journal of the Astronomical Society of India (JASI) is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes research papers in all areas of astronomy and astrophysics.

Jayant Narlikar conducted extensive research on galaxy clusters, focusing on their structure, dynamics, and evolution.

The Rajasthan Observatory is an astronomical observatory located in the Thar Desert in India. It has been used for observations of galaxies, including studies of their structure and dynamics.

Somnath Bharadwaj conducted extensive research on the formation and evolution of barred spiral galaxies, proposing theories and models to explain their observed properties.