Marxist Theory posits that economic conditions and class struggles are the primary drivers of social change.

Functionalist Theory views social institutions as serving the purpose of maintaining social order and stability.

Symbolic Interactionist Theory emphasizes the role of symbols, meanings, and interactions in shaping social reality.

Conflict Theory views economic inequality and class divisions as the primary source of social conflict.

Technological Determinism Theory posits that technological advancements are the primary drivers of social change.

Social Construction of Technology Theory emphasizes the role of social, cultural, and political factors in shaping technologies.

Diffusion of Innovations Theory examines the process by which new ideas, technologies, and practices spread across societies.

Actor-Network Theory focuses on the interactions between actors (human and non-human), networks, and power relations in shaping technological development.

World-Systems Theory explores the relationship between global capitalism and social change, focusing on the interconnectedness of economies and societies.

Dependency Theory argues that economic dependence on core countries is the primary cause of underdevelopment in peripheral countries.

Modernization Theory posits that modernization and industrialization are the primary drivers of social change, leading to economic growth and social progress.

Postcolonial Theory examines the lasting effects of colonialism on postcolonial societies, including economic and political dependence, cultural and psychological legacies, and social inequalities.

Social Movement Theory examines the relationship between social movements and social change, focusing on the factors that drive collective action and the impact of social movements on society.

Resource Mobilization Theory emphasizes the importance of access to resources, public support, media attention, and political opportunities in the success of social movements.

Political Process Theory examines the role of political opportunities and institutional structures in shaping the strategies and outcomes of social movements.