The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products, excess water, and electrolytes from the blood, producing urine as a result.

Nephritis refers to the inflammation of the kidneys, which can be caused by various factors such as infections, autoimmune diseases, or toxins.

Interstitial Nephritis is a type of kidney disease where inflammation and scarring occur in the interstitial tissue between the tubules of the kidneys.

Renal Failure refers to the inability of the kidneys to perform their normal functions, leading to the accumulation of waste products in the blood.

Diabetes is a major cause of Chronic Kidney Disease, as high blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys over time.

Dialysis is a treatment option for kidney failure, where a machine is used to filter waste products and excess fluid from the blood.

Hemodialysis is a type of dialysis where blood is passed through a semipermeable membrane, allowing waste products and excess fluid to be removed.

Nephrectomy is the surgical removal of a kidney, which may be necessary in cases of severe kidney damage or disease.

Living Donor Transplant refers to a kidney transplant where the kidney is obtained from a living person, typically a close relative or friend.

Nephrotic Syndrome is a condition where excessive protein is lost in the urine, leading to swelling and other complications.

Severe back pain is a common symptom of kidney stones, as they can block the flow of urine and cause pressure buildup in the kidneys.

Polyuria refers to the condition where the kidneys produce an excessive amount of urine, often associated with conditions like diabetes or certain medications.

All of the options listed are risk factors for developing kidney disease, as they can contribute to damage to the kidneys over time.

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus is a condition where the kidneys are unable to concentrate urine, leading to excessive urination and dehydration.

Anemia, Bone Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease are all common complications of kidney disease, as the kidneys play a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions.