Aryabhata, a renowned Indian astronomer and mathematician, proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system in the 5th century CE, centuries before Copernicus.

The Surya Siddhanta is a significant astronomical text from ancient India that provides comprehensive information on planetary motions, eclipses, and other celestial phenomena.

Varāhamihira, a renowned Indian astronomer and astrologer, made significant contributions to the study of eclipses and developed methods for predicting their occurrence.

The Jantar Mantar is a remarkable astronomical observatory built in the 18th century by Maharaja Jai Singh II in Jaipur, India. It consists of several architectural structures used for astronomical observations.

Bhaskara II, a prominent Indian astronomer and mathematician, made significant contributions to the study of comets and developed a method for calculating their orbits.

The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is the national space agency of India, responsible for India's space exploration programs and missions.

Brahmagupta, a renowned Indian astronomer and mathematician, made significant contributions to the study of planetary motion and developed a model to explain the elliptical orbits of planets.

The Aditya-L1 is an Indian satellite launched in 2023 to study the Sun and its impact on Earth's climate.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, a renowned Indian-American astrophysicist, made significant contributions to the study of stellar evolution and developed a theory to explain the formation and evolution of stars.

Mangalyaan, also known as the Mars Orbiter Mission, was India's first interplanetary mission that successfully reached Mars in 2014.

Abhay Ashtekar, a renowned Indian-American physicist, made significant contributions to the study of black holes and developed a theory to explain their formation and properties.

Chandrayaan-1 was India's first lunar exploration mission, launched in 2008 to study the Moon and its composition.

George Lemaître, a renowned Belgian priest and cosmologist, made significant contributions to the study of cosmology and developed a theory to explain the origin and evolution of the universe.

Aditya-L1 is an Indian satellite launched in 2023 to study the Sun's corona and its impact on Earth's space weather.

Kip Thorne, a renowned American theoretical physicist, made significant contributions to the study of gravitational waves and developed a theory to explain their existence and properties.