Cultural studies and theories primarily aim to understand the intricate relationship between culture and society, examining how culture shapes and is shaped by various societal factors.

Cultural resilience refers to the capacity of cultures to adapt, transform, and maintain their core values and practices in response to external challenges and changing circumstances.

Cultural sustainability encompasses the preservation of traditional knowledge, fostering a sense of place, supporting cultural expressions, and contributing to social and environmental well-being.

Cultural hegemony theory focuses on the ways in which dominant cultural values and norms are maintained and reproduced, often through the influence of powerful social groups.

Cultural relativism emphasizes the importance of understanding cultural practices and beliefs within their specific cultural context, rather than judging them based on external standards.

Clifford Geertz's work on cultural interpretation and the concept of 'thick description' emphasizes the role of culture in shaping our understanding of the world.

Postcolonial theory encompasses the study of colonialism's impact on culture, power dynamics, resistance, and the negotiation of cultural identities.

Pierre Bourdieu's concept of 'habitus' emphasizes the role of embodied dispositions and practices in shaping our social interactions and cultural experiences.

Cultural studies scholars who focus on culture and technology examine the reciprocal relationship between the two, considering how technology shapes culture and vice versa.

Antonio Gramsci's work on hegemony and cultural struggle emphasizes the contested nature of culture and the role of power in shaping cultural practices and meanings.

Cultural studies scholars who focus on culture and the environment examine the complex relationship between cultural practices, environmental attitudes, and sustainable practices.

Judith Butler's work on performativity emphasizes the fluid and dynamic nature of culture, arguing that cultural practices are constantly enacted and renegotiated in social interactions.

Pierre Bourdieu's concept of 'cultural capital' encompasses accumulated knowledge, skills, and dispositions that confer social and economic advantages, linked to social class and educational attainment.

Raymond Williams' work on culture as a contested and negotiated system emphasizes the dynamic and fluid nature of cultural practices and meanings.

Cultural studies scholars who focus on culture and globalization examine the complex relationship between globalization, cultural diversity, homogenization, and global power dynamics.