Student assessment is primarily used to provide feedback, measure achievement, and promote learning, not to punish students.

Formative assessment is designed to provide feedback to students during the learning process, allowing them to adjust their learning strategies and improve their understanding.

Summative assessments are used to evaluate student learning at the end of a unit or course, such as a quiz or final exam.

Reliability refers to the consistency of an assessment, meaning that it produces similar results when administered multiple times. Validity refers to the accuracy of an assessment, meaning that it measures what it is intended to measure.

Standardized tests are tests that are administered and scored in a consistent manner, such as state-mandated tests or national tests.

Norm-referenced assessment is used to compare students to each other, typically by ranking them based on their performance.

Criterion-referenced assessment is used to measure student achievement against a set standard, typically by determining whether students have met specific learning objectives.

Authentic assessments are tasks that require students to apply their learning in real-world contexts, such as portfolios, projects, or performances.

Assessment accommodations are modifications to assessments that make them more accessible for students with disabilities, allowing them to demonstrate their learning on an equal footing with their peers.

Assessment bias refers to the systematic favoritism or disfavor of certain groups of students, such as using language that is unfamiliar to students from certain cultural backgrounds.

Assessment literacy encompasses all of the above, helping students understand the purpose of assessment, develop effective study strategies, and become more critical consumers of information.

Exit tickets are a type of formative assessment that involves students briefly summarizing what they learned in a lesson or unit.

Self-assessment helps students develop metacognitive skills, provides them with feedback on their learning, and promotes student autonomy.

Unit tests are a type of summative assessment that evaluates student learning at the end of a unit or topic.

Peer assessment helps students develop critical thinking skills, provides them with feedback on their work, and promotes collaboration among students.