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Thermodynamic Stability

Description: Test your understanding of the concept of thermodynamic stability, including the relationship between stability, free energy, and equilibrium.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: thermodynamics stability free energy equilibrium
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Which of the following statements is true about thermodynamic stability?

  1. A system is thermodynamically stable if its free energy is minimized.

  2. A system is thermodynamically stable if its entropy is maximized.

  3. A system is thermodynamically stable if its internal energy is minimized.

  4. A system is thermodynamically stable if its temperature is minimized.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Thermodynamic stability refers to the tendency of a system to remain in its current state, and it is determined by the system's free energy. A system is stable when its free energy is minimized.

What is the relationship between free energy and equilibrium?

  1. At equilibrium, the free energy is maximized.

  2. At equilibrium, the free energy is minimized.

  3. At equilibrium, the free energy is constant.

  4. At equilibrium, the free energy is zero.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

At equilibrium, the system reaches a state of minimum free energy, and any change in the system's state will result in an increase in free energy.

Which of the following factors can affect the thermodynamic stability of a system?

  1. Temperature

  2. Pressure

  3. Concentration

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Thermodynamic stability can be affected by various factors such as temperature, pressure, concentration, and the presence of catalysts.

In a chemical reaction, what determines the spontaneity of the reaction?

  1. The change in free energy

  2. The change in entropy

  3. The change in internal energy

  4. The change in temperature

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The spontaneity of a chemical reaction is determined by the change in free energy. A reaction is spontaneous if the change in free energy is negative.

Which of the following is an example of a thermodynamically stable system?

  1. A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases at room temperature

  2. A diamond at room temperature

  3. A glass of water at room temperature

  4. A cup of hot coffee at room temperature

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A diamond is a thermodynamically stable system because it has a very low free energy and is not prone to change.

Which of the following is an example of a thermodynamically unstable system?

  1. A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases at room temperature

  2. A diamond at room temperature

  3. A glass of water at room temperature

  4. A cup of hot coffee at room temperature

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A cup of hot coffee is a thermodynamically unstable system because it has a high free energy and is prone to change, such as cooling down to room temperature.

What is the relationship between entropy and stability?

  1. Entropy and stability are directly proportional.

  2. Entropy and stability are inversely proportional.

  3. Entropy and stability are independent of each other.

  4. Entropy and stability are related, but the relationship depends on the specific system.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The relationship between entropy and stability depends on the specific system and the conditions under which it is studied.

Which of the following statements is true about the free energy of a system?

  1. The free energy of a system is always negative.

  2. The free energy of a system is always positive.

  3. The free energy of a system can be either positive or negative.

  4. The free energy of a system is always zero.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The free energy of a system can be either positive or negative, depending on the state of the system and the conditions under which it is studied.

What is the relationship between temperature and stability?

  1. Temperature and stability are directly proportional.

  2. Temperature and stability are inversely proportional.

  3. Temperature and stability are independent of each other.

  4. Temperature and stability are related, but the relationship depends on the specific system.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The relationship between temperature and stability depends on the specific system and the conditions under which it is studied.

Which of the following statements is true about the equilibrium constant of a reaction?

  1. The equilibrium constant is always positive.

  2. The equilibrium constant is always negative.

  3. The equilibrium constant can be either positive or negative.

  4. The equilibrium constant is always zero.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The equilibrium constant can be either positive or negative, depending on the reaction and the conditions under which it is studied.

What is the relationship between the equilibrium constant and the free energy change of a reaction?

  1. The equilibrium constant and the free energy change are directly proportional.

  2. The equilibrium constant and the free energy change are inversely proportional.

  3. The equilibrium constant and the free energy change are independent of each other.

  4. The equilibrium constant and the free energy change are related, but the relationship depends on the specific reaction.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The relationship between the equilibrium constant and the free energy change depends on the specific reaction and the conditions under which it is studied.

Which of the following statements is true about the spontaneity of a reaction?

  1. A reaction is spontaneous if the free energy change is negative.

  2. A reaction is spontaneous if the free energy change is positive.

  3. A reaction is spontaneous if the equilibrium constant is positive.

  4. A reaction is spontaneous if the equilibrium constant is negative.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A reaction is spontaneous if the free energy change is negative, indicating that the reaction proceeds with a decrease in free energy.

What is the relationship between the rate of a reaction and the stability of the products?

  1. The rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the stability of the products.

  2. The rate of a reaction is inversely proportional to the stability of the products.

  3. The rate of a reaction is independent of the stability of the products.

  4. The rate of a reaction is related to the stability of the products, but the relationship depends on the specific reaction.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The relationship between the rate of a reaction and the stability of the products depends on the specific reaction and the conditions under which it is studied.

Which of the following statements is true about the activation energy of a reaction?

  1. The activation energy is the energy required to initiate a reaction.

  2. The activation energy is the energy released during a reaction.

  3. The activation energy is the energy difference between the reactants and the products.

  4. The activation energy is the energy required to reach the equilibrium state.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The activation energy is the energy required to overcome the energy barrier that prevents a reaction from occurring.

What is the relationship between the activation energy and the rate of a reaction?

  1. The activation energy and the rate of a reaction are directly proportional.

  2. The activation energy and the rate of a reaction are inversely proportional.

  3. The activation energy and the rate of a reaction are independent of each other.

  4. The activation energy and the rate of a reaction are related, but the relationship depends on the specific reaction.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The activation energy and the rate of a reaction are inversely proportional, meaning that a higher activation energy leads to a slower reaction rate.

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