Online polls are primarily conducted to gather public opinion and sentiment on various issues and topics. They provide a convenient and accessible platform for individuals to express their views and opinions.

Telephone surveys are not typically used for online polls, as they involve direct phone calls to individuals. Online polls are usually conducted through web-based surveys, social media platforms, or email lists.

Online polls offer several advantages over traditional methods, including lower costs, faster data collection and analysis, and the ability to reach a wider and more diverse audience through the internet.

Online polls can be susceptible to various biases and limitations, including sampling bias due to self-selection, lack of control over survey conditions, and the influence of social desirability bias and groupthink.

Social desirability bias refers to the tendency of individuals to provide answers that they believe are socially acceptable or desirable, rather than their true opinions or beliefs.

Random sampling, quota sampling, and stratified sampling are all techniques used to reduce sampling bias in online polls by ensuring that the sample is representative of the population of interest.

Confirmation bias refers to the tendency of individuals to seek out information that confirms their existing beliefs or opinions, while avoiding information that contradicts them.

Open-ended polls are not typically used in online polls, as they require respondents to provide their own answers in their own words. Online polls usually involve closed-ended questions with predefined answer choices.

All of the challenges mentioned can impact the accuracy of online polls in predicting election outcomes, as they can lead to biased or unreliable data.

Avoiding the use of leading or biased questions is not an ethical consideration specific to online polls. It is a general principle of survey research to avoid questions that may influence respondents' answers in a particular direction.

Groupthink refers to the phenomenon where individuals tend to conform to the opinions or beliefs of the group they are in, even if they may have different personal opinions.

Content analysis is not typically used for analyzing data from online polls, as it involves the analysis of textual data, such as open-ended responses or qualitative data. Online poll data is usually analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, or regression analysis.

Sampling refers to the process of selecting a representative sample from a population for the purpose of conducting a survey. Randomization, stratification, and weighting are techniques used within the sampling process to ensure the sample is representative.

Convenience sampling is not a common type of sampling method used in online polls, as it involves selecting participants who are easily accessible or convenient to reach. Online polls typically use probability sampling methods, such as simple random sampling, systematic sampling, or cluster sampling, to ensure a representative sample.

Weighting refers to the process of assigning weights to different subgroups in a sample to ensure that the sample is representative of the population of interest. This is done to adjust for any imbalances in the sample and to ensure that each subgroup is represented in the sample in proportion to their size in the population.