Fiscal policy aims to influence the economy by adjusting government spending and taxation to achieve specific economic objectives, such as promoting economic growth, controlling inflation, or reducing unemployment.

Expansionary fiscal policy involves increasing government spending or cutting taxes to stimulate economic activity and boost aggregate demand.

Contractionary fiscal policy aims to reduce aggregate demand and control inflation by decreasing government spending or raising taxes.

Interest rates are a tool of monetary policy, which is conducted by the central bank, not fiscal policy.

Automatic stabilizers are built-in mechanisms in the fiscal system that adjust government spending and taxation in response to economic fluctuations without the need for explicit policy changes.

Expansionary fiscal policy typically leads to increased economic growth, higher inflation, and reduced unemployment, but it does not directly affect the budget balance.

Fiscal stance refers to the government's overall approach to fiscal policy, whether it is expansionary, contractionary, or neutral.

Contractionary fiscal policy typically leads to reduced economic growth, lower inflation, and increased unemployment, but it does not directly affect the budget balance.

Fiscal deficit occurs when government spending exceeds tax revenue, resulting in a negative fiscal balance.

Fiscal deficits can lead to increased government borrowing, higher interest rates, and inflation, but they do not directly affect economic growth.

Public debt refers to the total amount of money that the government owes to its creditors.

High public debt can lead to increased interest payments, crowding out of private investment, and reduced economic growth, but it does not directly affect inflation.

Debt management refers to the government's strategy for managing its public debt, including decisions on borrowing, repayment, and restructuring.

Raising taxes is a tool of fiscal policy, not debt management.

Fiscal balance refers to the government's overall fiscal position, considering both its revenue and expenditure.