In some cultures, the belief in karma suggests that cancer is a consequence of past wrongdoings or negative actions.

Traditional Chinese Medicine views cancer as a result of imbalances in qi, yin, and yang.

Collectivist cultures prioritize the well-being of the group over the individual, leading to strong family and community support during cancer treatment.

The Environmental Theory suggests that cancer is caused by exposure to harmful substances in the environment, such as pollution or radiation.

A holistic approach to cancer care incorporates spiritual and emotional well-being alongside medical treatment.

Genetic Predisposition suggests that certain genetic variations or mutations can increase the risk of developing cancer.

Fatalism suggests that cancer is predetermined and inevitable, leading to a sense of resignation and lack of control.

Ayurveda, an ancient Indian healing system, views cancer as a result of imbalances in doshas (life energies).

Optimism suggests that a positive attitude and mindset can influence the course of cancer treatment and recovery.

The Viral Theory suggests that certain viruses, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) or hepatitis B virus (HBV), can cause cancer.

Traditional Chinese Medicine incorporates herbal remedies, acupuncture, and other traditional practices in cancer care.

The Multifactorial Model suggests that cancer is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.

The Biomedical Model focuses on treating cancer through medical interventions such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

The Immunological Theory suggests that cancer arises when the immune system fails to recognize and eliminate abnormal cells.

A holistic approach to cancer care considers the whole person, including their physical, mental, and spiritual well-being.