Natural resources are not a determinant of economic growth in the long run, as they can be depleted or become obsolete. The other options, capital accumulation, technological progress, and labor force growth, are all key determinants of economic growth.

Capital accumulation is the process by which new capital goods are created. This can be done through investment, which is the use of current resources to create future assets.

Technological progress is the process by which new technologies are developed and implemented. This can include the invention of new products, the development of new processes, or the discovery of new resources.

Labor force growth can lead to economic growth by increasing the supply of labor, which can lead to lower wages and higher profits. This can stimulate investment and economic growth. However, if labor force growth is too rapid, it can lead to unemployment and lower wages, which can slow economic growth.

Institutional factors are the rules and norms that govern economic activity. These can include the rule of law, property rights, government regulations, and social norms. Institutional factors can have a significant impact on economic growth by affecting the incentives for investment, innovation, and entrepreneurship.

Government spending is not a determinant of economic growth in the long run, as it does not create new productive capacity. The other options, capital accumulation, technological progress, and labor force growth, are all key determinants of economic growth.

Capital accumulation can lead to economic growth by increasing the stock of productive capital, which can lead to higher productivity and output. However, if capital accumulation is too rapid, it can lead to overinvestment and lower returns on investment, which can slow economic growth.

Technological progress has been a major driver of economic growth throughout history. The invention of the steam engine led to the Industrial Revolution, the development of the internet has led to the Information Age, and the discovery of antibiotics has led to a dramatic increase in life expectancy and productivity.

Labor force growth can lead to economic growth by increasing the supply of labor, which can lead to lower wages and higher profits. This can stimulate investment and economic growth. However, if labor force growth is too rapid, it can lead to unemployment and lower wages, which can slow economic growth.

Institutional factors are the rules and norms that govern economic activity. These can include the rule of law, property rights, government regulations, and social norms. Institutional factors can have a significant impact on economic growth by affecting the incentives for investment, innovation, and entrepreneurship.

Natural resources are not a determinant of economic growth in the long run, as they can be depleted or become obsolete. The other options, capital accumulation, technological progress, and labor force growth, are all key determinants of economic growth.

Capital accumulation is the process by which new capital goods are created. This can be done through investment, which is the use of current resources to create future assets.

Technological progress is the process by which new technologies are developed and implemented. This can include the invention of new products, the development of new processes, or the discovery of new resources.

Labor force growth can lead to economic growth by increasing the supply of labor, which can lead to lower wages and higher profits. This can stimulate investment and economic growth. However, if labor force growth is too rapid, it can lead to unemployment and lower wages, which can slow economic growth.

Institutional factors are the rules and norms that govern economic activity. These can include the rule of law, property rights, government regulations, and social norms. Institutional factors can have a significant impact on economic growth by affecting the incentives for investment, innovation, and entrepreneurship.