Remote sensing and GIS, urban geography, and environmental geography are all major trends in geographical research in India.

Remote sensing and GIS research in India focuses on a wide range of topics, including land use and land cover mapping, natural resource management, and disaster management.

Urban geography research in India focuses on a wide range of topics, including urban sprawl, slums and informal settlements, and transportation and mobility.

Environmental geography research in India focuses on a wide range of topics, including climate change and its impacts, water resources management, and pollution and environmental degradation.

Geographical research in India faces a number of challenges, including lack of funding, lack of trained researchers, and lack of access to data.

The ICSSR plays a major role in promoting geographical research in India by providing funding for research projects, organizing conferences and workshops, and publishing research journals.

Jawaharlal Nehru University, University of Delhi, and Banaras Hindu University are all major centers for geographical research in India.

The NATMO is responsible for the preparation of national and thematic atlases, conducting research on cartography and GIS, and training in cartography and GIS.

Geographical research in India is characterized by the use of a variety of methods, including qualitative methods, quantitative methods, and mixed methods.

Qualitative research in geography focuses on understanding the lived experiences of people, exploring the meanings and values that people attach to places, and investigating the social and cultural processes that shape landscapes.

Quantitative research in geography focuses on measuring and analyzing spatial data, developing and testing models of spatial processes, and using statistical methods to analyze geographical data.

Mixed methods research in geography combines qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a more comprehensive understanding of a research topic.

Geographical research in India faces a number of challenges, including the lack of interdisciplinary research, the lack of collaboration between researchers and policymakers, and the lack of public awareness of the importance of geographical research.

The AIG plays a major role in promoting geographical research in India by organizing conferences and workshops, publishing research journals, and providing funding for research projects.

Geographical research in India is increasingly characterized by the use of participatory methods, community-based research, and action research.