In a first-past-the-post electoral system, voters cast their ballots for candidates in single-member districts. The candidate who receives the most votes, even if it is not a majority, wins the election.

Proportional representation electoral systems allocate seats in the legislature based on the proportion of votes each party receives. This ensures that all parties, even small ones, have a chance to be represented in the government.

First-past-the-post electoral systems tend to produce single-party governments because the winner-take-all nature of the system makes it difficult for smaller parties to win seats in the legislature.

Mixed-member proportional electoral systems can lead to unstable governments because they often produce parliaments with multiple parties, making it difficult to form stable coalitions.

Single transferable vote electoral systems promote accountability in government because they allow voters to rank candidates in order of preference. This ensures that the candidates who are elected are those who are most popular with the voters.

First-past-the-post electoral systems are easy for voters to understand because they simply require voters to choose the candidate they prefer.

Proportional representation electoral systems are most likely to produce coalition governments because they allocate seats in the legislature based on the proportion of votes each party receives. This often results in parliaments with multiple parties, making it necessary for parties to form coalitions in order to govern.

First-past-the-post electoral systems are often criticized for being unfair to small parties because they make it difficult for these parties to win seats in the legislature.

Single transferable vote electoral systems are often credited with increasing voter turnout because they allow voters to rank candidates in order of preference. This makes it more likely that voters will find a candidate they are satisfied with, which can encourage them to turn out to vote.

Mixed-member proportional electoral systems combine the advantages of first-past-the-post and proportional representation systems by allocating some seats in the legislature based on single-member districts and others based on the proportion of votes each party receives.

Proportional representation electoral systems are less susceptible to gerrymandering because they allocate seats in the legislature based on the proportion of votes each party receives, rather than on the boundaries of electoral districts.

Single transferable vote electoral systems are often criticized for being too complex for voters to understand because they require voters to rank candidates in order of preference.

Single transferable vote electoral systems are often considered to be more responsive to the needs of the people because they allow voters to rank candidates in order of preference. This ensures that the candidates who are elected are those who are most popular with the voters.

First-past-the-post electoral systems are easy for voters to understand because they simply require voters to choose the candidate they prefer.

Proportional representation electoral systems are most likely to produce a government that is representative of the diversity of the population because they allocate seats in the legislature based on the proportion of votes each party receives. This ensures that all parties, even small ones, have a chance to be represented in the government.