A mastaba is a flat-topped rectangular structure, not a pyramid.

Menes is believed to have united Upper and Lower Egypt, becoming the first pharaoh.

Khufu, also known as Cheops, is believed to have commissioned the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza.

The pyramids were primarily constructed as tombs for pharaohs, to protect their remains and ensure their safe passage into the afterlife.

Akhenaten, also known as Amenhotep IV, is known for his attempt to establish the worship of a single god, Aten, as the supreme deity of Egypt.

Hieroglyphs were primarily used for communication and record-keeping, including religious texts, historical accounts, and administrative documents.

Hieroglyphs do not include alphabetic signs, as they are a logographic and ideographic writing system.

Ra was the ancient Egyptian god of the sun, often depicted as a man with a falcon head and a solar disk above his head.

Hatshepsut was a female pharaoh who ruled Egypt during the 18th dynasty and is known for her military achievements and successful reign.

Osiris was the ancient Egyptian god of the underworld, associated with death, resurrection, and the afterlife.

Ramses II is known for his construction of the Abu Simbel temples, which were dedicated to himself and his wife, Nefertari.

Thoth was the ancient Egyptian god of wisdom, writing, and knowledge, often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis.

Howard Carter was the British archaeologist who discovered the tomb of Tutankhamun in the Valley of the Kings in 1922.

Nut was the ancient Egyptian goddess of the sky and weather, often depicted as a woman arched over the earth.

Amenhotep III is known for his construction of the Karnak Temple Complex, one of the largest and most significant temple complexes in ancient Egypt.