Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs or other substances to target specific molecules involved in cancer cell growth and survival.

Immunotherapy works by stimulating the patient's immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.

Trastuzumab is a targeted therapy that targets the HER2 protein, which is overexpressed in some types of breast cancer.

Precision medicine aims to tailor cancer treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient, such as their genetic makeup, tumor type, and response to previous treatments.

Gene therapy involves using genetically engineered viruses or other vectors to deliver therapeutic genes into cancer cells.

Targeted therapies generally have fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy because they target specific molecules involved in cancer cell growth and survival, rather than affecting healthy cells.

Pembrolizumab is a checkpoint inhibitor that targets the PD-1 protein, which is expressed on T cells and helps regulate the immune response.

One of the main challenges associated with gene therapy for cancer is the difficulty in delivering therapeutic genes to cancer cells in a safe and effective manner.

Yescarta is a CAR T-cell therapy that targets the CD19 protein, which is expressed on B cells.

The main goal of precision medicine in cancer research is to develop personalized treatment plans for cancer patients based on their individual genetic makeup, tumor characteristics, and response to previous treatments.

Erlotinib is a targeted therapy that targets the EGFR protein, which is overexpressed in some types of lung cancer.

PARP inhibitors work by inhibiting the activity of the PARP enzyme, which is involved in DNA repair. By inhibiting DNA repair, PARP inhibitors can lead to the death of cancer cells.

Gene therapy approaches for cancer treatment involve using viruses or other vectors to deliver therapeutic genes into cancer cells.

One of the main challenges associated with the development of cancer vaccines is the difficulty in identifying tumor-specific antigens that can be targeted by the immune system without causing autoimmune reactions.

Precision medicine approaches in cancer treatment involve tailoring treatment to the individual characteristics of each patient, such as their genetic makeup, tumor type, and response to previous treatments.