The defining characteristic that distinguishes pies from tarts is the presence or absence of a top crust. Pies are enclosed with a top crust, creating a fully covered filling, while tarts have an open top, exposing the filling.

Apple pie is often associated with the United States, but its origins can be traced back to England. The first recorded recipe for apple pie dates back to the 1300s in England, and it gained popularity as a dessert in the country.

Pecan pie is characterized by its rich, nutty flavor, which comes from the generous use of pecans in the filling. Pecans are native to North America and are a key ingredient in this classic American pie.

Apple pie is renowned for its flaky, buttery crust, which is made with a combination of flour, butter, and sometimes shortening. The crust is often complemented by a sweet and tangy apple filling, making it a beloved dessert.

A classic French quiche typically features a combination of cheese, ham, and spinach as its filling. These ingredients are combined with eggs and cream to create a savory and flavorful dish that is often served for breakfast, lunch, or brunch.

Key lime pie is a popular tart that originated in the Florida Keys. It is characterized by its creamy, tangy filling made from key limes, which are smaller and more acidic than regular limes. The filling is often topped with a meringue or whipped cream topping.

Chess pie is a Southern classic known for its dense, custard-like filling. The key ingredient that gives chess pie its unique texture and flavor is cornmeal, which is finely ground corn. Cornmeal adds a subtle sweetness and a slightly gritty texture to the pie.

Galette is a rustic French pastry that is characterized by its free-form, flaky crust. It is often filled with fresh fruit, such as apples, berries, or plums. The crust is typically made with a combination of flour, butter, and sometimes sugar, resulting in a crispy and tender texture.

Bakewell tart is a traditional British pastry that is known for its sweet and tangy filling. The classic filling consists of a layer of raspberry jam, which is topped with a layer of almond frangipane (a mixture of ground almonds, sugar, butter, and eggs). The tart is then baked until the frangipane is golden brown.

Pecan pie is a classic American pie that is known for its sweet and gooey filling. The filling is made with a combination of pecans, brown sugar, corn syrup, butter, and eggs. The pie is typically baked in a flaky crust and served with whipped cream or ice cream.

Lemon meringue pie is a classic dessert that is known for its tangy and sweet flavor. The key ingredient that gives lemon meringue pie its characteristic tangy flavor is lemon juice. The lemon juice is combined with sugar, eggs, and butter to create a smooth and creamy filling. The pie is then topped with a meringue topping, which is made from whipped egg whites and sugar.

Chocolate cream pie is a classic dessert that is known for its rich and creamy filling. The filling is made with a combination of chocolate, cream, sugar, and eggs. The pie is typically baked in a flaky crust and served with whipped cream or ice cream.

Clafoutis is a classic French dessert that is made with a batter of eggs, flour, milk, and sugar. The batter is poured over fresh fruit, such as cherries, apples, peaches, or blueberries, and then baked until the batter is set and the fruit is tender. Clafoutis is typically served warm or at room temperature.

Pot pie is a classic savory pie that is made with a flaky crust and filled with a variety of ingredients, such as meat, vegetables, and gravy. The pie is typically baked until the crust is golden brown and the filling is bubbling hot. Pot pie is a hearty and comforting dish that is often served during the winter months.

Pumpkin pie is a classic American dessert that is known for its rich, creamy filling and flaky crust. The key ingredient that gives pumpkin pie its characteristic orange color and flavor is pumpkin puree. Pumpkin puree is made from cooked and mashed pumpkin, and it is often seasoned with spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg, and ginger.