Chloroplasts are the primary sites of photosynthesis in plant cells, where light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of glucose.

Glucose is the primary organic compound produced during photosynthesis, serving as a source of energy for the plant.

Cellular respiration is the process by which plants break down organic molecules, such as glucose, to produce energy in the form of ATP.

Hexokinase is the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of glycolysis, which is the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.

Stomata are small pores on plant leaves that allow for the exchange of gases, such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, between the plant and the atmosphere.

Gibberellin is a plant hormone that plays a crucial role in promoting cell elongation, stem growth, and seed germination.

The xylem is a tissue in plants that is responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

Abscisic acid is a plant hormone that plays a role in inhibiting growth, promoting seed dormancy, and regulating water loss.

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves, which helps to regulate temperature and transport water and nutrients.

Rubisco is the enzyme that catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic compounds during the Calvin cycle, a key step in photosynthesis.

Guard cells are specialized cells that surround stomata and control their opening and closing, regulating gas exchange in the plant.

Ethylene is a plant hormone that plays a role in promoting fruit ripening, senescence, and abscission.

The phloem is a tissue in plants that is responsible for transporting nutrients, such as sugars and amino acids, from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Succinate dehydrogenase is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate in the Krebs cycle, a key step in cellular respiration.

Nitrogen fixation is the process by which plants convert nitrogen gas into a usable form, such as ammonia or nitrate, which is essential for plant growth.