The Dawes Act, also known as the General Allotment Act, was a federal policy enacted in 1887 that aimed to assimilate Native Americans into mainstream American society by dividing tribal lands into individual allotments.

The Dawes Act had a devastating impact on Native American health by disrupting traditional ways of life, leading to poverty and disease. The allotment of tribal lands resulted in the loss of traditional food sources and cultural practices, which contributed to malnutrition and the spread of infectious diseases.

The Indian Reorganization Act, also known as the Wheeler-Howard Act, was a federal policy enacted in 1934 that aimed to restore tribal sovereignty and promote economic development in Indian Country. It reversed the Dawes Act's policy of allotment and allowed tribes to reorganize their governments and acquire new lands.

The Indian Reorganization Act had a positive impact on Native American health by providing access to better healthcare, promoting economic development, and restoring tribal sovereignty. These factors contributed to improved living conditions and a decline in the prevalence of disease.

Tribal communities continue to face a number of challenges in terms of health, including poverty, lack of access to healthcare, high rates of chronic disease, discrimination, racism, and lack of cultural sensitivity in healthcare settings. These challenges contribute to health disparities between Native Americans and other population groups.