Genetic predisposition is a biological factor that can influence mental health, while societal norms, values, religious beliefs, and family dynamics are cultural factors.

Suppressing emotions can lead to psychological distress and an increased risk of mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety.

The emphasis on 'face' can lead to a fear of losing face or bringing shame to oneself or one's family, which can result in psychological distress and mental health problems.

Stigma can prevent individuals from seeking professional help for mental health problems, leading to untreated conditions, worsening symptoms, and increased distress.

Cultural factors can shape the perception of mental health problems, the stigma associated with them, and the types of treatments that are considered acceptable or effective.

Cultural diversity can promote mental health by providing individuals with access to diverse perspectives, coping mechanisms, and social support. It does not inherently increase the prevalence of mental health problems.

The emphasis on interconnectedness and community in 'ubuntu' can provide individuals with a sense of belonging, social support, and resilience, which can positively influence mental health.

Beliefs that attribute mental health problems to supernatural causes or evil spirits can lead to stigma, fear, and reluctance to seek professional help, resulting in untreated mental health problems.

Providing culturally competent mental health care may require additional training, resources, and collaboration with cultural experts, but it does not necessarily lead to increased costs.

Cultural norms, values, and beliefs can shape how individuals express and experience emotions, including the types of emotions that are considered acceptable or appropriate.

Culturally tailored mental health interventions aim to improve engagement, outcomes, and reduce stigma, but they do not necessarily increase the cost of providing mental health services.

Beliefs that view mental health problems as a personal weakness or failure can lead to shame, guilt, and reluctance to seek help, resulting in untreated mental health problems.

Cultural norms, values, and beliefs can shape the coping mechanisms that individuals learn and use to manage stress and adversity.

Conducting cross-cultural research on mental health may involve additional resources and efforts, but it does not necessarily lead to increased costs.

Cultural factors, including societal norms, values, beliefs, and practices, can significantly influence individuals' mental health and well-being.