Brahman is the ultimate reality in Advaita Vedanta, the one without a second, the infinite, the eternal, and the unchanging.

In Advaita Vedanta, Brahman and Atman are considered to be identical, meaning that the individual soul (Atman) is ultimately the same as the universal soul (Brahman).

Maya is the concept of illusion in Advaita Vedanta, referring to the world of appearances that is perceived by the senses and the mind, but is ultimately unreal.

The ultimate goal of Advaita Vedanta is to realize the oneness of the individual soul (Atman) with the universal soul (Brahman), thereby transcending the limitations of the ego and experiencing the bliss of Brahman.

Adi Shankara is considered to be the founder of Advaita Vedanta, a prominent school of Indian philosophy that emphasizes the non-duality of Brahman and Atman.

Ishvara is the concept of a personal God in Advaita Vedanta, representing the aspect of Brahman that is accessible to the devotee through devotion and worship.

In Advaita Vedanta, Ishvara and Brahman are considered to be identical, meaning that the personal form of God (Ishvara) is ultimately the same as the universal soul (Brahman).

Jiva is the concept of the individual soul in Advaita Vedanta, referring to the limited and conditioned aspect of consciousness that is associated with the body and the mind.

In Advaita Vedanta, Jiva and Brahman are considered to be identical, meaning that the individual soul (Jiva) is ultimately the same as the universal soul (Brahman).

Avidya is the concept of ignorance or illusion in Advaita Vedanta, referring to the mistaken identification of the self with the body, the mind, and the world.

In Advaita Vedanta, Avidya is considered to be the root cause of Maya, meaning that ignorance or illusion (Avidya) gives rise to the world of appearances (Maya).

Samsara is the concept of the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth in Advaita Vedanta, referring to the repeated cycle of existence in the world of appearances (Maya).

In Advaita Vedanta, Avidya is considered to be the root cause of Samsara, meaning that ignorance or illusion (Avidya) gives rise to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (Samsara).

Moksha is the concept of liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth in Advaita Vedanta, referring to the ultimate goal of spiritual realization and the attainment of oneness with Brahman.

In Advaita Vedanta, Avidya is considered to be the root cause of Samsara, which in turn leads to Moksha, meaning that ignorance or illusion (Avidya) ultimately leads to liberation (Moksha) through the realization of the true nature of reality.