Neighborhood effects, place effects, and contextual effects are all terms used to describe the process by which neighborhood characteristics influence health.

Genetic factors are not a factor that can contribute to neighborhood effects on health. Social cohesion, physical environment, and economic conditions are all factors that can contribute to neighborhood effects on health.

Social patterning of health behaviors, neighborhood-level social control, and collective efficacy are all terms used to describe the process by which individuals' health behaviors are influenced by the social and physical characteristics of their neighborhood.

Sleep is not a health behavior that can be influenced by neighborhood characteristics. Smoking, physical activity, and diet are all health behaviors that can be influenced by neighborhood characteristics.

Social causation, social selection, and social drift are all terms used to describe the process by which neighborhood characteristics influence health outcomes through social and psychological pathways.

Social capital is not a social pathway through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health. Social support, social isolation, and social stress are all social pathways through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health.

Environmental causation, environmental selection, and environmental drift are all terms used to describe the process by which neighborhood characteristics influence health outcomes through physical and environmental pathways.

Crime is not a physical or environmental pathway through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health. Air pollution, noise pollution, and access to healthy food are all physical or environmental pathways through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health.

Economic causation, economic selection, and economic drift are all terms used to describe the process by which neighborhood characteristics influence health outcomes through economic pathways.

Access to healthcare is not an economic pathway through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health. Poverty, unemployment, and income inequality are all economic pathways through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health.

Political causation, political selection, and political drift are all terms used to describe the process by which neighborhood characteristics influence health outcomes through political pathways.

Access to healthcare is not a political pathway through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health. Government policies, community organizing, and political participation are all political pathways through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health.

Cultural causation, cultural selection, and cultural drift are all terms used to describe the process by which neighborhood characteristics influence health outcomes through cultural pathways.

Access to healthcare is not a cultural pathway through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health. Values, beliefs, and norms are all cultural pathways through which neighborhood characteristics can influence health.

Historical causation, historical selection, and historical drift are all terms used to describe the process by which neighborhood characteristics influence health outcomes through historical pathways.