Roald Amundsen was a Norwegian explorer who led the first expedition to reach the South Pole in 1911 and also discovered the Northwest Passage in 1903-1906.

Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese explorer who was the first European to reach India by sea in 1498. He also reached the Pacific Ocean via the Panama Isthmus in 1513.

David Livingstone was a Scottish explorer who is known for his expeditions to Africa. He was the first European to see Victoria Falls and also made significant contributions to the exploration of the Zambezi River and Lake Malawi.

Robert Peary was an American explorer who is credited with being the first person to reach the North Pole on April 6, 1909.

Alexander von Humboldt was a German naturalist and explorer who is considered one of the founders of the field of biogeography. He is known for his expeditions to South America, where he studied the Amazon rainforest and its indigenous cultures.

Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe. He set sail from Spain in 1519 and returned in 1522, after completing a journey that lasted three years.

Edmund Hillary was a New Zealand mountaineer who, along with Tenzing Norgay, became the first person to reach the summit of Mount Everest on May 29, 1953.

Roald Amundsen was a Norwegian explorer who led the first expedition to reach the South Pole on December 14, 1911.

Robert Peary was an American explorer who is credited with being the first person to reach the North Pole on April 6, 1909.

Gerhard Rohlfs was a German explorer who was the first person to cross the Sahara Desert by camel in 1865.

Henry Morton Stanley was a Welsh-American explorer who is known for his expeditions to Africa. He is best known for finding David Livingstone in 1871 and for his exploration of the Congo River.

John Hanning Speke was a British explorer who is credited with being the first European to reach the source of the Nile River in 1858.

Charles Doughty was an English explorer and writer who is known for his travels in the Arabian Peninsula in the late 19th century. He is best known for his book 'Travels in Arabia Deserta', which is considered a classic of travel literature.

Reinhold Messner was an Italian mountaineer who, along with Peter Habeler, became the first person to reach the summit of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen in 1978.