R.C. Dutt, a renowned Indian economist and historian, is widely regarded as the father of Indian economic historiography. His works, such as "The Economic History of India" and "India in the Victorian Age," laid the foundation for the study of India's economic history.

Dadabhai Naoroji, an Indian economist and politician, wrote extensively about the economic conditions of India during the British colonial period. His works, such as "Poverty and Un-British Rule in India," highlighted the economic exploitation of India by the British.

The Drain Theory, proposed by Indian economists such as Dadabhai Naoroji and R.C. Dutt, argued that India's economic growth was hindered by British policies, such as the export of raw materials and the import of finished goods, which led to a drain of wealth from India.

Utsa Patnaik, an Indian economist, is known for her work on the concept of surplus extraction in colonial India. Her book "Capital and Imperialism" analyzes the economic exploitation of India by the British and its impact on India's economic development.

The Cambridge School of Economic History, led by economists such as Angus Maddison and Dharma Kumar, focused on the role of institutions, such as property rights and legal systems, in economic development. They argued that institutions played a crucial role in shaping India's economic history.

Irfan Habib, an Indian economic historian, is known for his work on the economic history of the Mughal Empire. His book "The Agrarian System of Mughal India" provides a detailed analysis of the agrarian economy and the revenue system of the Mughal Empire.

The Subaltern Studies School, led by historians such as Ranajit Guha and Gyan Prakash, emphasized the importance of class struggle in economic development. They argued that the economic history of India should be studied from the perspective of the subaltern classes, such as peasants and workers.

K.N. Chaudhuri, an Indian economic historian, is known for his work on the economic history of the British Raj. His book "The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company" analyzes the economic interactions between India and the British East India Company.

The Dependency School, led by economists such as Andre Gunder Frank and Samir Amin, focused on the impact of colonialism on economic development. They argued that colonialism led to the underdevelopment of India and other colonized countries.

Amiya Kumar Bagchi, an Indian economic historian, is known for his work on the economic history of the post-independence period. His book "Public Intervention and Industrial Restructuring in India" analyzes the role of the state in India's economic development.

The Marxist School, led by economists such as Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, emphasized the importance of class struggle in economic development. They argued that the economic history of India should be studied in terms of the conflict between different classes, such as landlords and peasants.

D.D. Kosambi, an Indian economic historian, is known for his work on the economic history of the pre-colonial period. His book "An Introduction to the Study of Indian History" provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic and social conditions of ancient India.

The Annales School, led by historians such as Fernand Braudel and Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, focused on the importance of long-term historical trends in economic development. They argued that economic history should be studied over long periods of time in order to understand the underlying forces that shape economic change.

T.V. Mahalingam, an Indian economic historian, is known for his work on the economic history of the Vijayanagara Empire. His book "Economic Life in the Vijayanagara Empire" provides a detailed analysis of the economic and social conditions of the empire.

The World-Systems Theory, led by sociologists such as Immanuel Wallerstein and Giovanni Arrighi, argued that India was an integral part of the global economy and that its economic development was shaped by global forces, such as trade and colonialism.