The government's primary responsibility is to strike a balance between protecting individual rights and ensuring public safety. This involves weighing the potential harm or infringement of individual rights against the potential benefits to public safety.

All of the options presented are examples of conflicts between individual rights and public safety. These conflicts arise when the exercise of an individual right potentially harms or endangers the safety and well-being of the public.

In cases of conflict between individual rights and public safety, the government typically uses a balancing test to weigh the potential harm or infringement of individual rights against the potential benefits to public safety.

In a balancing test between individual rights and public safety, courts consider various factors, including the nature and scope of the individual right being asserted, the severity and imminence of the threat to public safety, and the availability of less restrictive means to achieve the same public safety goal.

The weight given to individual rights and public safety in a conflict depends on the specific circumstances of the case. There is no general rule that one is always given more weight than the other.

All of the options presented are examples of government actions that restrict individual rights in order to protect public safety. These actions are typically taken in response to a specific threat or emergency.

Prioritizing individual rights over public safety can lead to increased crime and disorder, reduced public trust in the government, and a decline in economic activity, as people may feel less safe and secure.

Prioritizing public safety over individual rights can lead to the erosion of civil liberties, increased government surveillance, and a decline in political participation, as people may feel that their rights are being infringed upon.

Citizens can ensure that the government strikes a proper balance between individual rights and public safety by voting for elected officials who share their views, participating in public debates and discussions, and holding the government accountable through protests and demonstrations.

All of the options presented are examples of situations where individual rights and public safety are in harmony. These laws protect both individual rights (such as the right to drive or smoke) and public safety (by preventing drunk driving, accidents, and secondhand smoke exposure).

Achieving a successful balance between individual rights and public safety requires open and transparent communication between the government and the public, regular review and assessment of laws and policies, and a willingness to compromise and find common ground.