MRI employs magnetic fields and radio waves to generate cross-sectional images of organs and tissues, providing intricate anatomical and physiological details.

Pathologists analyze tissue samples under a microscope to identify abnormalities that may indicate the presence of a disease or condition.

Endoscopy allows visualization of the internal organs and tissues using a small camera attached to a flexible tube inserted into the body.

Biopsy involves the removal of a small tissue sample from the body for microscopic examination to aid in the diagnosis of diseases.

Radiation therapy employs high-energy radiation to precisely target and eliminate cancerous cells while minimizing harm to surrounding healthy tissues.

Excision involves the surgical removal of a diseased or damaged organ or tissue to prevent further complications or spread of the disease.

Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to identify and target cancer cells, stimulating an immune response to eliminate them.

Pharmacotherapy involves the administration of drugs to treat or prevent diseases by targeting specific biological processes or pathways.

Hyperthermia utilizes heat to destroy cancerous tissues by raising their temperature above a critical threshold, causing cell death.

Resection involves the surgical removal of a portion of an organ or tissue to eliminate diseased or damaged tissue and restore normal function.

Targeted therapy employs drugs that specifically target molecules or proteins involved in cancer cell growth and survival, inhibiting their activity to halt tumor progression.

Cryotherapy utilizes extremely low temperatures to freeze and destroy cancerous tissues, causing cell death.

Radiofrequency ablation employs high-frequency sound waves to generate heat and destroy cancerous tissues by causing cell death.

A stoma is an artificially created opening in the body, often in the abdomen, to allow the drainage of fluids or waste from an internal organ.

CAR T-cell therapy involves genetically modifying a patient's own T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that recognize and target specific antigens on cancer cells, enabling the T cells to effectively eliminate the cancer cells.