Coastal and Marine Engineering primarily involves the design and construction of structures such as seawalls, breakwaters, and groynes to protect coastlines from erosion and flooding caused by waves, tides, and storm surges.

Beach nourishment, seawall construction, and revetment installation are all commonly used methods to protect coastlines from erosion. Beach nourishment involves replenishing eroded beaches with sand, while seawalls and revetments are structures built along the shoreline to absorb wave energy and prevent erosion.

Breakwaters are structures built offshore to protect harbors and marinas from waves and storms. They help to reduce wave energy and create calmer waters within the harbor, making it safer for boats and vessels to enter and exit.

Groynes are coastal structures built perpendicular to the shoreline to absorb wave energy and dissipate it before it reaches the shoreline. They are typically made of wood, concrete, or rock and are designed to trap sand and prevent erosion.

Revetments are structures built along coastal slopes to protect them from erosion caused by waves, tides, and storm surges. They are typically made of large rocks, concrete blocks, or other materials that can withstand the erosive forces of the ocean.

Concrete is a common material used in the construction of seawalls due to its strength, durability, and resistance to erosion. It can withstand the harsh conditions of the marine environment and provide long-term protection against waves and storms.

Jetties are structures built at the entrance of harbors and inlets to protect them from sediment buildup caused by waves and currents. They help to maintain the depth of the channel and allow boats and vessels to safely enter and exit the harbor.

Groynes are coastal structures built perpendicular to the shoreline to trap sand and prevent it from being transported away by waves and currents. They help to stabilize the shoreline and protect it from erosion.

Bulkheads are structures built along coastal slopes to protect them from erosion caused by waves, tides, and storm surges. They are typically made of wood, steel, or concrete and are designed to absorb wave energy and prevent erosion.

Beach nourishment is a common method used to restore eroded beaches by replenishing them with sand. Sand is typically dredged from offshore areas and pumped onto the beach to increase its width and elevation.

Groins are structures built perpendicular to the shoreline to control coastal erosion by trapping sand and preventing it from being transported away by waves and currents. They help to stabilize the shoreline and protect it from erosion.

Groynes are coastal structures built perpendicular to the shoreline to absorb wave energy and dissipate it before it reaches the shoreline. They are typically made of wood, concrete, or rock and are designed to trap sand and prevent erosion.

Revetments are structures built along coastal slopes to protect them from erosion caused by waves, tides, and storm surges. They are typically made of large rocks, concrete blocks, or other materials that can withstand the erosive forces of the ocean.

Concrete is a common material used in the construction of seawalls due to its strength, durability, and resistance to erosion. It can withstand the harsh conditions of the marine environment and provide long-term protection against waves and storms.

Jetties are structures built at the entrance of harbors and inlets to protect them from sediment buildup caused by waves and currents. They help to maintain the depth of the channel and allow boats and vessels to safely enter and exit the harbor.