The Indian Constitution, adopted in 1950, granted equal voting rights to women, making India one of the first countries in the world to do so.

As of 2021, women constitute approximately 52% of the total electorate in India, indicating a significant increase in their participation over the years.

Kerala holds the distinction of having the highest percentage of women voters in India, consistently exceeding 80% voter turnout in recent elections.

Women voters in India face a combination of challenges, including lack of awareness about the electoral process, social and cultural barriers that restrict their participation, and economic constraints that limit their ability to engage in political activities.

The Election Commission of India launched the Systematic Voters' Education and Electoral Participation (SVEEP) initiative to enhance voter awareness and participation, with a specific focus on encouraging women's participation in the electoral process.

The Gender Responsive Electoral Management (GREM) framework provides a comprehensive set of guidelines and strategies for election management bodies to ensure that elections are conducted in a gender-sensitive manner, addressing the specific needs and challenges faced by women voters and candidates.

The Women's Reservation Bill seeks to address the gender gap in political participation by mandating 33% reservation for women in Parliament and state legislatures, thereby aiming to increase women's representation in decision-making bodies and promote gender equality in politics.

The Communist Party of India (Marxist) has been at the forefront of advocating for increased women's representation in politics, consistently pushing for the passage of the Women's Reservation Bill and promoting gender equality within the party.

Women's participation in politics has a positive impact on policymaking, as it leads to more gender-responsive policies, enhances the representation of women's issues, and promotes inclusive decision-making that takes into account the perspectives and needs of women.

Tamil Nadu holds the distinction of having the highest number of women elected representatives in its legislative assembly, consistently exceeding the national average in terms of women's representation in politics.

Civil society organizations play a crucial role in promoting women's voter awareness and participation by educating women about the electoral process, mobilizing them to register as voters, and advocating for electoral reforms that enhance women's participation in the political process.

Andhra Pradesh has implemented the innovative 'Pink Booths' initiative, where polling stations are exclusively managed by women, creating a supportive and encouraging environment for women voters to participate in the electoral process.

Increasing women's voter turnout in elections has multiple benefits, as it strengthens democracy by ensuring equal participation, promotes gender equality by giving women a voice in decision-making, and leads to better representation of women's issues in policymaking.

The 73rd Amendment to the Indian Constitution, enacted in 1993, aimed to provide reservation for women in local government bodies, mandating 33% reservation for women in Panchayats (village councils) and Municipalities.

Women's political participation has a positive impact on economic development, as it leads to more inclusive economic policies that address the needs of women, enhances women's economic empowerment by creating opportunities for their participation in the economy, and promotes gender equality in the workplace by challenging traditional gender roles and stereotypes.