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Neural Basis of Learning and Plasticity

Description: This quiz is designed to assess your understanding of the neural basis of learning and plasticity.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: neural basis of learning plasticity neuroscience cognitive psychology
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Which of the following is not a type of synaptic plasticity?

  1. long-term potentiation

  2. long-term depression

  3. short-term potentiation

  4. retrograde signaling


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Retrograde signaling is a form of communication between neurons in which the postsynaptic neuron sends a signal back to the presynaptic neuron. This is in contrast to synaptic plasticity, which is a change in the strength of a synapse as a result of experience.

What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in long-term potentiation?

  1. glutamate

  2. GABA

  3. dopamine

  4. serotonin


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Glutamate is the primary neurotransmitter involved in long-term potentiation. When glutamate is released from the presynaptic neuron, it binds to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, causing an increase in the strength of the synapse.

Which of the following is not a region of the brain involved in learning and memory?

  1. hippocampus

  2. amygdala

  3. cerebellum

  4. frontal lobe


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The cerebellum is involved in motor coordination and balance, not learning and memory.

What is the process by which new neurons are generated in the brain called?

  1. neurogenesis

  2. synaptogenesis

  3. long-term potentiation

  4. long-term depression


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Neurogenesis is the process by which new neurons are generated in the brain. This process occurs in two regions of the brain: the hippocampus and the subventricular zone.

Which of the following is not a type of learning?

  1. classical conditioning

  2. operant conditioning

  3. declarative learning

  4. procedural learning


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Declarative learning is a type of memory that involves the conscious recall of facts and events. It is in contrast to procedural learning, which involves the acquisition of skills and habits.

What is the name of the brain region that is responsible for fear conditioning?

  1. amygdala

  2. hippocampus

  3. cerebellum

  4. frontal lobe


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The amygdala is a brain region that is involved in fear conditioning. When a person experiences a fear-provoking stimulus, the amygdala sends signals to other parts of the brain, which trigger a fear response.

Which of the following is not a type of memory?

  1. short-term memory

  2. long-term memory

  3. working memory

  4. procedural memory


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Procedural memory is a type of memory that involves the acquisition of skills and habits. It is in contrast to declarative memory, which involves the conscious recall of facts and events.

What is the name of the brain region that is responsible for working memory?

  1. frontal lobe

  2. parietal lobe

  3. temporal lobe

  4. occipital lobe


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The frontal lobe is a brain region that is involved in working memory. Working memory is a type of memory that allows us to hold information in our minds for a short period of time.

Which of the following is not a type of plasticity?

  1. synaptic plasticity

  2. structural plasticity

  3. functional plasticity

  4. epigenetic plasticity


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Epigenetic plasticity is a type of plasticity that involves changes in gene expression that are not caused by changes in the DNA sequence. This type of plasticity is not typically associated with learning and memory.

What is the name of the brain region that is responsible for spatial navigation?

  1. hippocampus

  2. amygdala

  3. cerebellum

  4. frontal lobe


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The hippocampus is a brain region that is involved in spatial navigation. When a person navigates through a space, the hippocampus creates a mental map of the environment.

Which of the following is not a type of learning disability?

  1. dyslexia

  2. dyscalculia

  3. dysgraphia

  4. ADHD


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is not a learning disability.

What is the name of the brain region that is responsible for language processing?

  1. Broca's area

  2. Wernicke's area

  3. frontal lobe

  4. temporal lobe


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Broca's area is a brain region that is involved in language processing. It is located in the frontal lobe of the brain.

Which of the following is not a type of memory consolidation?

  1. systems consolidation

  2. synaptic consolidation

  3. trace consolidation

  4. reconsolidation


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Reconsolidation is a type of memory consolidation that occurs when a memory is reactivated and updated. This type of consolidation is not typically associated with learning and memory.

What is the name of the brain region that is responsible for reward processing?

  1. nucleus accumbens

  2. amygdala

  3. cerebellum

  4. frontal lobe


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The nucleus accumbens is a brain region that is involved in reward processing. When a person experiences a rewarding stimulus, the nucleus accumbens releases dopamine, which produces a feeling of pleasure.

Which of the following is not a type of learning theory?

  1. behaviorism

  2. cognitivism

  3. constructivism

  4. connectionism


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Constructivism is a theory of learning that emphasizes the role of the learner in constructing knowledge. It is not typically associated with learning and memory.

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