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Indian Logic: The Study of Reasoning and Argumentation

Description: Indian Logic: The Study of Reasoning and Argumentation
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: indian logic reasoning argumentation nyaya vaisheshika
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Which of the following is the main text of the Nyaya school of Indian logic?

  1. Nyaya Sutras

  2. Vaisheshika Sutras

  3. Yoga Sutras

  4. Samkhya Sutras


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Nyaya Sutras, written by Akshapada Gautama, is the foundational text of the Nyaya school of Indian logic.

What is the primary focus of the Nyaya school of Indian logic?

  1. Epistemology

  2. Ontology

  3. Ethics

  4. Metaphysics


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Nyaya school primarily focuses on epistemology, which is the study of knowledge and how we acquire it.

Which of the following is a fundamental concept in Nyaya logic?

  1. Pramana

  2. Anumana

  3. Upamana

  4. Sabda


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pramana, or means of knowledge, is a key concept in Nyaya logic and refers to the various ways in which we can acquire valid knowledge.

How many Pramanas are recognized by the Nyaya school?

  1. 2

  2. 4

  3. 6

  4. 8


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Nyaya school recognizes four Pramanas: Perception, Inference, Comparison, and Testimony.

What is the term for inference in Nyaya logic?

  1. Anumana

  2. Vyapti

  3. Paksha

  4. Sadhya


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Anumana is the term for inference in Nyaya logic and refers to the process of deriving a conclusion from evidence.

Which of the following is a type of Anumana in Nyaya logic?

  1. Purvavat

  2. Sheshavat

  3. Samanyatodrishta

  4. Asadharana


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Purvavat is a type of Anumana in Nyaya logic that involves inferring a conclusion based on a previous observation or experience.

What is the term for the major premise in an Anumana?

  1. Vyapti

  2. Paksha

  3. Sadhya

  4. Dharmata


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Vyapti is the term for the major premise in an Anumana and refers to the general rule or connection between two things.

Which of the following is a type of fallacy in Nyaya logic?

  1. Hetvabhasa

  2. Sadhyabhasa

  3. Pakshabhasa

  4. Dharmatabhasa


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hetvabhasa is a type of fallacy in Nyaya logic that occurs when the reason or evidence given for a conclusion is flawed or invalid.

What is the term for the minor premise in an Anumana?

  1. Paksha

  2. Sadhya

  3. Vyapti

  4. Dharmata


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Paksha is the term for the minor premise in an Anumana and refers to the specific instance or case to which the general rule is applied.

Which of the following is a type of Pramana in Nyaya logic that involves relying on the testimony of experts or authorities?

  1. Pratyaksha

  2. Anumana

  3. Upamana

  4. Shabda


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Shabda is a type of Pramana in Nyaya logic that involves relying on the testimony of experts or authorities as a source of knowledge.

What is the term for the conclusion in an Anumana?

  1. Sadhya

  2. Vyapti

  3. Paksha

  4. Dharmata


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Sadhya is the term for the conclusion in an Anumana and refers to the proposition that is being proven or established.

Which of the following is a type of fallacy in Nyaya logic that occurs when the conclusion is not logically connected to the premises?

  1. Anaikantika

  2. Satpratipaksa

  3. Viruddha

  4. Asiddha


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Anaikantika is a type of fallacy in Nyaya logic that occurs when the conclusion is not logically connected to the premises and there are other possible explanations for the evidence.

What is the term for the middle term in an Anumana?

  1. Sadhya

  2. Vyapti

  3. Paksha

  4. Dharmata


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Dharmata is the term for the middle term in an Anumana and refers to the property or characteristic that connects the major and minor premises.

Which of the following is a type of Pramana in Nyaya logic that involves direct perception of an object?

  1. Pratyaksha

  2. Anumana

  3. Upamana

  4. Shabda


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pratyaksha is a type of Pramana in Nyaya logic that involves direct perception of an object through the senses.

What is the term for the process of comparing two things to establish their similarity or difference?

  1. Upamana

  2. Anumana

  3. Pratyaksha

  4. Shabda


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Upamana is the term for the process of comparing two things to establish their similarity or difference and is considered a type of Pramana in Nyaya logic.

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