Cohort-component method

Population pyramid method

Logistic growth model

Exponential growth model

The population growth rate is constant.

The population size is constant.

The fertility rate is constant.

The mortality rate is constant.

The population growth rate is constant.

The population size is constant.

The carrying capacity of the environment is finite.

The fertility rate is constant.

The cohort-component method uses age-specific fertility and mortality rates, while the population pyramid method uses age-specific population counts.

The cohort-component method projects the population size, while the population pyramid method projects the age distribution of the population.

The cohort-component method is more accurate than the population pyramid method.

The population pyramid method is more accurate than the cohort-component method.

Fertility rates, mortality rates, and migration rates.

Economic conditions, social conditions, and political conditions.

Environmental conditions, technological conditions, and cultural conditions.

All of the above.

The difficulty in predicting future fertility, mortality, and migration rates.

The uncertainty of economic, social, and political conditions.

The complexity of environmental, technological, and cultural factors.

All of the above.

Planning for future infrastructure and services.

Developing policies for population growth and decline.

Assessing the impact of environmental change on population.

All of the above.

A projection is based on assumptions about future trends, while a forecast is based on historical data.

A projection is more accurate than a forecast.

A forecast is more accurate than a projection.

There is no difference between a projection and a forecast.

The use of projections to justify discriminatory policies.

The use of projections to promote population growth or decline.

The use of projections to justify environmental policies.

All of the above.

Using more detailed data.

Using more sophisticated models.

Taking into account uncertainty.

All of the above.

They are based on assumptions about the future.

They are not always accurate.

They can be used to justify discriminatory policies.

All of the above.

A demographic transition is a long-term change in the age structure of a population, while a demographic dividend is a short-term period of rapid economic growth.

A demographic transition is a short-term change in the age structure of a population, while a demographic dividend is a long-term period of rapid economic growth.

A demographic transition is a change in the age structure of a population that is caused by changes in fertility and mortality rates, while a demographic dividend is a change in the age structure of a population that is caused by changes in migration rates.

A demographic transition is a change in the age structure of a population that is caused by changes in economic conditions, while a demographic dividend is a change in the age structure of a population that is caused by changes in social conditions.

The high rate of population growth.

The aging population.

The increasing urbanization.

All of the above.

The need for policies to reduce population growth.

The need for policies to support the aging population.

The need for policies to manage urbanization.

All of the above.

Developing more accurate methods for projecting fertility, mortality, and migration rates.

Taking into account uncertainty in demographic projections.

Exploring the ethical issues associated with demographic projections.

All of the above.