Genetic predisposition is a biological factor that influences an individual's risk of developing an addiction, while social norms and values, religious beliefs and practices, and media portrayals of substance use are all cultural factors that can influence substance use patterns.

Religious use of substances refers to the use of substances for spiritual or religious purposes, often in a ceremonial or ritualistic context.

Medication-assisted treatment is a relatively new approach to addiction treatment that involves the use of medications to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Traditional healing practices, spirituality-based therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy are all more commonly used in different cultures.

Stigma associated with addiction refers to the negative attitudes and beliefs that society holds towards individuals with addiction, often leading to discrimination and social isolation.

Access to affordable and effective treatment services is a protective factor that can help to prevent the development of addiction, while poverty and economic inequality, social and political instability, and cultural norms and values that promote substance use are all risk factors.

In many cultures, addiction is seen as a social problem caused by factors such as poverty, inequality, and social isolation, rather than a disease or a moral failing.

Using substances to improve performance at work or school is not a common cultural practice that influences substance use patterns, while sharing meals and drinks with others, using substances as a form of celebration or mourning, and using substances to cope with stress or trauma are all common cultural practices that can influence substance use patterns.

The harm reduction approach to addiction focuses on reducing the negative consequences of substance use, such as overdose, disease transmission, and social problems, rather than promoting abstinence or punishing individuals for substance use.

Availability of affordable and effective treatment services is a structural factor that can influence the effectiveness of addiction treatment, while beliefs about the causes of addiction, attitudes towards individuals with addiction, and cultural norms and values related to substance use are all cultural factors that can influence the effectiveness of addiction treatment.

In some cultures, addiction is seen as a form of madness, possession by evil spirits, or a curse or punishment from God, reflecting different cultural beliefs and understandings about the causes and nature of addiction.

Using cannabis for religious purposes is not a common cultural practice that can contribute to the development of addiction, while binge drinking, smoking tobacco, and chewing betel nut are all common cultural practices that can contribute to the development of addiction.

In many cultures, addiction is seen as a temporary condition, a moral failing, or a spiritual problem, reflecting different cultural beliefs and understandings about the nature and course of addiction.

Availability of affordable and effective treatment services is a structural factor that can influence the choice of addiction treatment, while beliefs about the causes of addiction, attitudes towards individuals with addiction, and cultural norms and values related to seeking help for addiction are all cultural factors that can influence the choice of addiction treatment.

In some cultures, addiction is seen as a form of self-medication, an escape from reality, or a way to connect with others, reflecting different cultural beliefs and understandings about the functions and consequences of addiction.

Availability of affordable and effective treatment services is a structural factor that can influence the course of addiction, while beliefs about the causes of addiction, attitudes towards individuals with addiction, and cultural norms and values related to relapse are all cultural factors that can influence the course of addiction.