Mangroves are evergreen trees and shrubs, meaning they retain their leaves throughout the year. Deciduous leaves are a characteristic of temperate trees that shed their leaves seasonally.

Aerial roots help mangroves survive in waterlogged and anoxic soil conditions by providing oxygen to the roots, which are essential for respiration and nutrient uptake.

Red mangroves (Rhizophora spp.) are well-adapted to the harsh conditions of the intertidal zone, including high salinity, tidal inundation, and anoxic soils.

Mangroves provide a wide range of ecological benefits, including habitat for marine life, protection of coastlines from erosion, and filtration of pollutants from water.

Black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) are particularly tolerant of high salinity levels, making them well-suited for生长 in coastal areas with hypersaline conditions.

The scientific name of the white mangrove is Laguncularia racemosa.

Buttonwood mangroves (Conocarpus erectus) are often used for firewood and construction purposes due to their strong and durable wood.

Pneumatophores are specialized roots that protrude above the soil surface and facilitate gas exchange between the roots and the atmosphere.

White mangroves (Laguncularia racemosa) are typically found in the upper intertidal zone, where they are less frequently inundated by tides.

Vivipary in mangroves involves the germination of seeds while still attached to the parent plant, allowing for efficient dispersal of seedlings to suitable habitats.

All three types of mangroves (red, black, and white) can tolerate brackish water conditions, which are a mixture of freshwater and saltwater.

Mangrove ecosystems face multiple threats, including deforestation for coastal development, climate change-induced sea-level rise, and pollution from various sources.

Red mangroves (Rhizophora spp.) are well-adapted to the harsh conditions of the lower intertidal zone, including strong wave action and regular tidal inundation.

Lenticels are small pores on the bark of mangrove trees that allow for gas exchange between the internal tissues and the atmosphere.

Buttonwood mangroves (Conocarpus erectus) are relatively drought-tolerant compared to other mangrove species, making them suitable for生长 in areas with limited freshwater availability.