Solar energy is a renewable energy source that is derived from the sun's rays. It can be harnessed through solar panels and used to generate electricity.

Wind turbines harness the kinetic energy of the wind to generate electricity. The wind turns the blades of the turbine, which in turn rotates a generator to produce electricity.

Hydropower is a renewable energy source that uses the energy of flowing water to generate electricity. Dams and turbines are used to capture the energy of the water and convert it into electricity.

Anaerobic digestion is the process of breaking down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. This process produces biogas, which is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide, and can be used as a renewable energy source.

Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source that uses the heat from the Earth's interior to generate electricity. Geothermal power plants use geothermal reservoirs to extract heat from the Earth and convert it into electricity.

Solar cells are made of semiconductor materials, primarily silicon. When sunlight strikes the solar cell, it knocks electrons loose from the silicon atoms, creating an electrical current.

Tidal energy is a renewable energy source that uses the energy of the tides to generate electricity. Tidal turbines are placed in areas with strong tidal currents, and the turbines turn as the tide flows, generating electricity.

Energy potential refers to the amount of energy that can be extracted from a renewable energy source. It is determined by factors such as the availability of the resource, the efficiency of the technology used to harness the energy, and the environmental impact of the energy production.

Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a renewable energy technology that uses the temperature difference between the warm surface waters and the cold deep waters of the ocean to generate electricity.

Gasification is the process of converting biomass into a gaseous fuel through a thermochemical process. Biomass is heated in a controlled environment with limited oxygen, producing a mixture of gases that can be used as a fuel.

Wave energy is a renewable energy source that uses the energy of waves to generate electricity. Wave energy converters are placed in areas with strong waves, and the converters use the movement of the waves to generate electricity.

Photovoltaics (PV) is the technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity. PV cells, also known as solar cells, are made of semiconductor materials that absorb sunlight and generate an electrical current.

Air-source heat pumps use the temperature difference between the air and the ground to generate electricity. Heat pumps extract heat from the air and transfer it to a refrigerant, which is then compressed and converted into electricity.

Anaerobic digestion is the technology that uses microorganisms to convert organic matter into biogas. In the absence of oxygen, microorganisms break down organic matter and produce biogas, which is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide.