Linguistic discrimination refers to the unfair treatment of individuals or groups based on their language, often resulting in their exclusion from opportunities or resources.

Requiring employees to speak only English in the workplace can be seen as a form of linguistic discrimination as it excludes non-English speakers from participating fully in the workplace.

Linguistic hegemony refers to the dominance of a particular language or variety of language over others, often resulting in the marginalization of other languages and their speakers.

Teaching only one language in schools can be seen as a form of linguistic hegemony as it marginalizes students who do not speak the dominant language.

Gendered language refers to the use of language that reinforces traditional gender roles and stereotypes, often excluding or marginalizing individuals who do not conform to these norms.

Using the pronoun 'he' to refer to a person of unknown gender is an example of gendered language as it assumes the person is male.

Inclusive language refers to the use of language that respects and values the diversity of human identities and experiences, aiming to create a more equitable and inclusive society.

Using gender-neutral pronouns such as 'they' and 'them' is an example of inclusive language as it respects the gender identity of individuals who may not identify as male or female.

Critical language awareness refers to the process of becoming aware of and critically examining the ways in which language can be used to construct and maintain social inequalities.

Recognizing the ways in which language can be used to exclude or marginalize certain groups is an example of critical language awareness as it involves becoming aware of the discriminatory potential of language.

Counter-hegemonic language refers to the use of language to challenge and subvert dominant ideologies and power structures, often with the aim of promoting social change.

Using language to raise awareness about social injustices is an example of counter-hegemonic language as it challenges the dominant narratives that often perpetuate these injustices.

Peacebuilding language refers to the use of language to promote understanding, reconciliation, and healing between different groups of people, often in the context of conflict or division.

Using language to promote dialogue and communication between different groups is an example of peacebuilding language as it creates opportunities for understanding and reconciliation.

Social justice language refers to the use of language to promote social justice and equality for all individuals, often by challenging systems of oppression and discrimination.

Using language to challenge stereotypes and biases is an example of social justice language as it works to dismantle systems of oppression and discrimination.