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Engineering Physics and Solid State Physics

Description: This quiz consists of 15 questions related to Engineering Physics and Solid State Physics. It covers topics such as crystal structures, semiconductors, superconductors, and various physical properties of solids.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: engineering physics solid state physics crystal structures semiconductors superconductors
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What is the basic repeating unit of a crystal lattice?

  1. Atom

  2. Molecule

  3. Unit cell

  4. Ion

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A unit cell is the smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice that retains the symmetry of the crystal.

Which of the following is a characteristic property of a semiconductor?

  1. High electrical conductivity

  2. Low electrical conductivity

  3. High thermal conductivity

  4. Low thermal conductivity

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Semiconductors have low electrical conductivity at low temperatures, but their conductivity increases with increasing temperature.

What is the energy gap between the valence band and the conduction band in a semiconductor?

  1. Zero

  2. Small

  3. Large

  4. Infinite

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The energy gap in a semiconductor is typically small, allowing electrons to be excited from the valence band to the conduction band with a relatively small amount of energy.

Which of the following is a type of semiconductor device?

  1. Diode

  2. Transistor

  3. Capacitor

  4. Resistor

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction but not the other.

What is the phenomenon of superconductivity?

  1. Loss of all electrical resistance

  2. Loss of all thermal resistance

  3. Loss of all magnetic resistance

  4. Loss of all mechanical resistance

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Superconductivity is the phenomenon in which a material loses all electrical resistance below a certain critical temperature.

Which of the following is a type of superconductor?

  1. Type I

  2. Type II

  3. Type III

  4. Type IV

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Type I superconductors are those that exhibit a sharp transition from the superconducting state to the normal state at a critical magnetic field.

What is the Meissner effect?

  1. Expulsion of magnetic flux from a superconductor

  2. Attraction of magnetic flux to a superconductor

  3. Increase in electrical resistance of a superconductor

  4. Decrease in thermal conductivity of a superconductor

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Meissner effect is the expulsion of magnetic flux from a superconductor when it is cooled below its critical temperature.

Which of the following is a property of a ferromagnetic material?

  1. Strong attraction between magnetic moments

  2. Weak attraction between magnetic moments

  3. No attraction between magnetic moments

  4. Repulsion between magnetic moments

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ferromagnetic materials have a strong attraction between magnetic moments, causing them to align in the same direction.

What is the Curie temperature?

  1. Temperature at which a ferromagnetic material becomes paramagnetic

  2. Temperature at which a paramagnetic material becomes ferromagnetic

  3. Temperature at which a superconductor becomes normal

  4. Temperature at which a semiconductor becomes an insulator

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Curie temperature is the temperature at which a ferromagnetic material loses its ferromagnetism and becomes paramagnetic.

Which of the following is a type of crystal structure?

  1. Cubic

  2. Hexagonal

  3. Tetragonal

  4. Orthorhombic

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Correct Option:
Explanation:

Cubic, hexagonal, tetragonal, and orthorhombic are all types of crystal structures.

What is the Bravais lattice?

  1. A lattice with a repeating pattern of points

  2. A lattice with a repeating pattern of unit cells

  3. A lattice with a repeating pattern of atoms

  4. A lattice with a repeating pattern of molecules

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Bravais lattice is a lattice with a repeating pattern of points that represent the positions of atoms or molecules in a crystal.

Which of the following is a type of solid?

  1. Crystalline

  2. Amorphous

  3. Polycrystalline

  4. Metallic

Show answer
Correct Option:
Explanation:

Crystalline, amorphous, polycrystalline, and metallic are all types of solids.

What is the difference between a crystalline solid and an amorphous solid?

  1. Crystalline solids have a regular arrangement of atoms, while amorphous solids do not

  2. Crystalline solids have a higher density than amorphous solids

  3. Crystalline solids are harder than amorphous solids

  4. Crystalline solids are more transparent than amorphous solids

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Crystalline solids have a regular arrangement of atoms, while amorphous solids do not. This difference in structure gives rise to different properties, such as density, hardness, and transparency.

Which of the following is a property of a metal?

  1. High electrical conductivity

  2. Low electrical conductivity

  3. High thermal conductivity

  4. Low thermal conductivity

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Metals have high electrical conductivity because they contain a large number of free electrons.

What is the Fermi level?

  1. The highest energy level that is occupied by electrons at absolute zero

  2. The lowest energy level that is occupied by electrons at absolute zero

  3. The energy level at which the probability of finding an electron is 50%

  4. The energy level at which the probability of finding an electron is 100%

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Fermi level is the highest energy level that is occupied by electrons at absolute zero.

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