Geomorphology is the scientific study of landforms and the processes that create them.

Fluvial processes are those associated with the movement of water, and stream erosion is the process by which water flowing in a stream erodes the land.

Aeolian transport is the process by which sediment is transported by wind.

Mass wasting processes are those in which large amounts of soil and rock move downslope under the influence of gravity. Landslides are a type of mass wasting process in which a large mass of soil and rock moves downslope rapidly.

Glacial till is the term used to describe the sediment that is deposited by a glacier.

Coastal landforms are those that are found along the coast. Beaches are a type of coastal landform that is composed of sand, gravel, or pebbles.

Longshore drift is the process by which sediment is transported by waves along the coast.

Karst landforms are those that are formed in soluble rock, such as limestone. Caves are a type of karst landform that is formed by the dissolution of limestone by water.

Alluvial fans are formed by the deposition of sediment by a river.

Tectonic landforms are those that are formed by the movement of tectonic plates. Mountains are a type of tectonic landform that is formed by the collision of two tectonic plates.

Glacial transport is the process by which sediment is transported by ice.

Volcanic landforms are those that are formed by the eruption of magma or lava. Lava domes are a type of volcanic landform that is formed by the eruption of viscous lava.

Mass wasting is the process by which sediment is transported by gravity.

Desert landforms are those that are found in deserts. Sand dunes are a type of desert landform that is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown sand.

Fluvial transport is the process by which sediment is transported by water.