The University of Bologna was founded in 1088 and is considered to be the first international educational institution.

In the early days, international education was primarily aimed at training foreign diplomats and preparing them for their roles in international relations.

Germany played a leading role in promoting international education in the 19th century through the establishment of the Humboldt University of Berlin and the introduction of the research university model.

The Cold War created political tensions and restrictions that hindered student mobility and international educational exchanges.

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) was established in 1945 to promote international cooperation in the fields of education, science, and culture.

In the post-World War II era, international education emphasized promoting peace and understanding among nations through educational exchanges and cross-cultural learning.

The UNESCO Convention on the Recognition of Qualifications, adopted in 1997, aims to facilitate the recognition of educational qualifications across countries and promote international mobility.

Student mobility refers to the movement of students across national borders for educational purposes, including studying abroad, participating in exchange programs, and pursuing international degrees.

The European Commission coordinates the Bologna Process, which aims to harmonize higher education systems in Europe and promote cooperation among European universities.

Internationalization of the curriculum refers to the process of integrating international and global perspectives, content, and approaches into the curriculum and teaching methods to prepare students for a globalized world.

UNESCO publishes the Global Education Monitoring Report, which provides a comprehensive overview of the state of education worldwide and tracks progress towards achieving education goals.

Internationalization of education refers to the process of adapting educational programs and practices to meet the needs of international students, including providing language support, cultural orientation, and academic advising.

The European Commission coordinates the Erasmus+ program, which provides funding for student mobility, staff exchanges, and international cooperation projects in higher education within Europe.

Internationalization of research refers to the process of integrating international and global perspectives, methodologies, and collaborations into research and scholarship to address global challenges and contribute to a global knowledge base.

Times Higher Education publishes the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, which ranks universities based on a variety of factors, including teaching, research, international outlook, and industry income.