The primary function of the cardiovascular system is to transport oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body and remove waste products.

The heart wall consists of three layers: the epicardium (outer layer), the myocardium (middle layer), and the endocardium (inner layer).

Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the heart through the pulmonary veins and fills the left atrium.

The aorta is the largest artery in the body and carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and tissues.

Plasma is the liquid component of blood and makes up about 55% of its volume.

Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and transports it throughout the body.

White blood cells are part of the immune system and help fight infection.

Platelets are involved in blood clotting and help stop bleeding.

The normal range for blood pressure in adults is generally considered to be 120/80 mmHg.

Hypertension is the term for high blood pressure.

Hypotension is the term for low blood pressure.

Atherosclerosis is the term for hardening of the arteries.

Arrhythmia is the term for an irregular heartbeat.