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Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and Its Functions

Description: Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and Its Functions
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: immunology genetics cell biology
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What is the primary function of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)?

  1. To regulate blood pressure

  2. To produce insulin

  3. To present antigens to immune cells

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The MHC is responsible for presenting antigens to immune cells, such as T cells, to initiate an immune response against foreign pathogens.

Which MHC molecule is responsible for presenting antigens to CD8+ T cells?

  1. MHC class I

  2. MHC class II

  3. MHC class III

  4. MHC class IV


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

MHC class I molecules are expressed on all nucleated cells and present antigens to CD8+ T cells, which are cytotoxic and can kill infected cells.

Which MHC molecule is responsible for presenting antigens to CD4+ T cells?

  1. MHC class I

  2. MHC class II

  3. MHC class III

  4. MHC class IV


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

MHC class II molecules are expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, and present antigens to CD4+ T cells, which help activate other immune cells.

What is the role of MHC class III molecules?

  1. Antigen presentation

  2. Complement activation

  3. Immune regulation

  4. Cell adhesion


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

MHC class III molecules, such as HLA-G, are involved in immune regulation and play a role in preventing the rejection of fetuses during pregnancy.

What is the role of MHC class IV molecules?

  1. Antigen presentation

  2. Complement activation

  3. Immune regulation

  4. Cell adhesion


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

MHC class IV molecules, such as CD1, are involved in cell adhesion and play a role in the interaction between immune cells and other cells.

How is the MHC inherited?

  1. Autosomal dominant

  2. Autosomal recessive

  3. X-linked dominant

  4. X-linked recessive


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The MHC is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning that only one copy of the MHC gene is needed to express the MHC molecule.

What is the role of the MHC in organ transplantation?

  1. To prevent rejection

  2. To promote rejection

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The MHC plays a crucial role in organ transplantation by presenting antigens to immune cells, which can lead to rejection if the MHC molecules of the donor and recipient are not compatible.

What is the role of the MHC in autoimmune diseases?

  1. To prevent autoimmune diseases

  2. To promote autoimmune diseases

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In autoimmune diseases, the MHC molecules present self-antigens to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against the body's own tissues.

What is the role of the MHC in cancer immunotherapy?

  1. To prevent cancer

  2. To promote cancer

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In cancer immunotherapy, MHC molecules are used to present tumor-specific antigens to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against cancer cells.

What is the role of the MHC in infectious diseases?

  1. To prevent infectious diseases

  2. To promote infectious diseases

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The MHC plays a crucial role in preventing infectious diseases by presenting antigens from pathogens to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against the infection.

What is the role of the MHC in vaccine development?

  1. To prevent vaccines

  2. To promote vaccines

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The MHC plays a crucial role in vaccine development by presenting antigens from vaccines to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against the disease that the vaccine is designed to prevent.

What is the role of the MHC in drug development?

  1. To prevent drugs

  2. To promote drugs

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The MHC plays a crucial role in drug development by presenting antigens from drugs to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against the drug.

What is the role of the MHC in environmental health?

  1. To prevent environmental hazards

  2. To promote environmental hazards

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The MHC plays a crucial role in preventing environmental hazards by presenting antigens from environmental pollutants to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against the pollutants.

What is the role of the MHC in occupational health?

  1. To prevent occupational hazards

  2. To promote occupational hazards

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The MHC plays a crucial role in preventing occupational hazards by presenting antigens from occupational pollutants to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against the pollutants.

What is the role of the MHC in public health?

  1. To prevent public health hazards

  2. To promote public health hazards

  3. To regulate blood pressure

  4. To control body temperature


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The MHC plays a crucial role in preventing public health hazards by presenting antigens from public health pollutants to immune cells, which can lead to an immune response against the pollutants.

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