Climate finance aims to support projects and initiatives that contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the impacts of climate change.

The Paris Agreement, adopted in 2015, sets the global framework for climate finance and aims to mobilize $100 billion annually from developed countries to support climate action in developing countries.

Climate finance is typically divided into two main categories: adaptation finance, which supports projects that help communities and ecosystems adapt to the impacts of climate change, and mitigation finance, which supports projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The World Bank is the largest multilateral development bank and a major provider of climate finance. It provides loans, grants, and technical assistance to developing countries for climate-related projects.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) is a multilateral fund established to support developing countries in their efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change. It provides financial support for projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance resilience to climate change impacts.

Climate debt refers to the financial obligation of developed countries to compensate developing countries for the historical greenhouse gas emissions that have contributed to climate change and its adverse impacts. It is based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities.

Private sector finance plays a crucial role in climate change mitigation and adaptation by providing funding for renewable energy projects, investing in energy efficiency measures, developing climate-resilient infrastructure, and supporting sustainable land use practices.

Green bonds are financial instruments specifically designed to raise capital for projects that have positive environmental and climate benefits. They are used to finance projects such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, sustainable transportation, and climate-resilient infrastructure.

Carbon pricing, through mechanisms such as carbon taxes or emissions trading systems, creates financial incentives for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, generates revenue for climate change mitigation and adaptation projects, and promotes the development of carbon capture and storage technologies.

Climate finance plays a crucial role in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by contributing to poverty reduction and improved livelihoods, promoting sustainable economic growth and job creation, enhancing access to clean energy and sustainable infrastructure, and supporting climate-resilient communities and ecosystems.

The World Bank serves as the implementing agency for the Global Environment Facility (GEF), a multilateral fund established to support developing countries in addressing global environmental issues, including climate change.

The Adaptation Fund under the Kyoto Protocol aims to provide financial support for adaptation projects in developing countries, promote technology transfer for climate change adaptation, and build capacity for climate change adaptation in vulnerable communities.

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) was established under the Paris Agreement to support developing countries in implementing their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), which outline their climate change mitigation and adaptation goals.

The Standing Committee on Finance (SCF) in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) provides guidance on the mobilization and effective deployment of climate finance, reviews the adequacy and effectiveness of climate finance flows, and promotes coherence and coordination among climate finance institutions.

The World Bank administers the Clean Technology Fund (CTF), which provides financial support for the development and deployment of clean energy technologies in developing countries.