Clipping is a process of word formation in which a word is shortened by omitting some of its syllables. This is different from inflection, derivation, and compounding, which are all processes that add or change morphemes to a word.

A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language. It can be a root, a prefix, or a suffix.

A derivational morpheme is a morpheme that changes the meaning of a word. The morpheme "-ment" is a derivational morpheme that can be added to a verb to form a noun.

Compounding is the process of combining two or more words into a single word. For example, the word "blackboard" is a compound of the words "black" and "board".

An inflectional morpheme is a morpheme that changes the grammatical function of a word. The morpheme "-ed" is an inflectional morpheme that can be added to a verb to form the past tense.

Morphosyntax is the study of the relationship between morphology and syntax. It investigates how morphological structure affects syntactic structure and how syntactic structure affects morphological structure.

Assimilation is a morphophonological process in which two sounds become more similar to each other. For example, in the word "dog", the sounds /d/ and /g/ are assimilated to each other to produce the sound /g/.

Morphosemantics is the study of the relationship between morphology and semantics. It investigates how morphological structure affects the meaning of words and how the meaning of words affects morphological structure.

Agreement is a morphotactic process in which two or more words in a sentence must match each other in terms of their grammatical features. For example, in the sentence "The boy is running", the verb "is running" agrees with the subject "the boy" in terms of number and person.

Morphopragmatics is the study of the relationship between morphology and pragmatics. It investigates how morphological structure affects the use of language in social interaction and how the use of language in social interaction affects morphological structure.

Politeness is a morphopragmatic process in which speakers use morphological forms to express their respect for or deference to their addressees. For example, in many languages, there are different forms of address for people of different social status.

Morphdiscourse is the study of the relationship between morphology and discourse. It investigates how morphological structure affects the organization and coherence of discourse and how the organization and coherence of discourse affects morphological structure.

Topic marking is a morphdiscourse process in which speakers use morphological forms to mark the topic of a discourse. For example, in some languages, there are special grammatical constructions that are used to introduce new topics.

Morphocognition is the study of the relationship between morphology and cognition. It investigates how morphological structure affects cognitive processes such as memory, attention, and problem solving.

Morphological priming is a morphocognitive process in which the processing of one word facilitates the processing of another word that is morphologically related to it. For example, if you see the word "dog", you are more likely to quickly recognize the word "doggy" than you would be if you had not seen the word "dog".