History of childhood trauma is an environmental risk factor, not a genetic risk factor.

Peer pressure, availability of drugs, and parental neglect are all environmental risk factors for substance abuse and addiction.

Depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem are all psychological risk factors for substance abuse and addiction.

Early initiation of substance use, history of conduct disorder, and parental substance abuse are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in adolescents.

History of sexual abuse, postpartum depression, and intimate partner violence are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in women.

Retirement, loss of a loved one, and chronic pain are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in older adults.

Strong family support, positive peer influences, and good mental health are all protective factors against substance abuse and addiction.

History of childhood trauma, poor access to mental health care, and stigma associated with mental illness are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people with mental illness.

Inadequate pain management, history of substance abuse, and depression are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people with chronic pain.

Poverty, trauma, and lack of social support are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people who are homeless.

History of substance abuse, mental illness, and lack of access to treatment are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people who are incarcerated.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), and chronic pain are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people who are veterans.

Discrimination, bullying, and family rejection are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people who are LGBTQ+.

Stigma, depression, and anxiety are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people who are living with HIV/AIDS.

History of substance abuse, mental illness, and intimate partner violence are all risk factors for substance abuse and addiction in people who are pregnant or postpartum.