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India's Astronomical Observatories: Windows to the Universe

Description: Explore India's rich astronomical heritage and contributions to the field of astronomy through its renowned observatories. Test your knowledge about these observatories and their significance in the study of celestial phenomena.
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: indian astronomy observatories astrophysics space exploration
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Which of the following is the oldest astronomical observatory in India?

  1. Jantar Mantar, Delhi

  2. Ujjain Observatory, Madhya Pradesh

  3. Vainu Bappu Observatory, Tamil Nadu

  4. Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, Maharashtra


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Ujjain Observatory, located in Madhya Pradesh, is considered to be the oldest astronomical observatory in India, dating back to the 5th century BCE.

Which Indian observatory is renowned for its studies of the Sun?

  1. Kodaikanal Solar Observatory, Tamil Nadu

  2. Vainu Bappu Observatory, Tamil Nadu

  3. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru

  4. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Uttarakhand


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory in Tamil Nadu is dedicated to the study of the Sun and its various phenomena, including sunspots, solar flares, and coronal activity.

What is the primary instrument used at the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT)?

  1. Optical Telescope

  2. Radio Telescope

  3. Infrared Telescope

  4. X-ray Telescope


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The GMRT, located in Maharashtra, is a radio telescope consisting of 30 fully steerable parabolic radio antennas, making it one of the world's largest radio telescopes.

Which Indian observatory is known for its contributions to gamma-ray astronomy?

  1. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai

  2. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru

  3. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Uttarakhand

  4. Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai houses the Gamma-Ray Astronomy Group, which is actively involved in the study of gamma-ray sources and high-energy astrophysics.

What is the primary focus of the Vainu Bappu Observatory?

  1. Optical Astronomy

  2. Radio Astronomy

  3. Infrared Astronomy

  4. X-ray Astronomy


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Vainu Bappu Observatory in Tamil Nadu primarily focuses on optical astronomy, utilizing telescopes to study celestial objects in visible light.

Which Indian observatory is known for its contributions to infrared astronomy?

  1. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru

  2. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Uttarakhand

  3. National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune

  4. Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Indian Institute of Astrophysics in Bengaluru houses the Infrared Astronomy Group, which is dedicated to the study of infrared radiation from celestial objects.

What is the unique feature of the Jantar Mantar observatories?

  1. They consist of large stone structures used for astronomical observations.

  2. They are underground observatories designed for studying cosmic rays.

  3. They are equipped with advanced telescopes for deep-space exploration.

  4. They are primarily used for educational purposes and public outreach.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Jantar Mantar observatories, located in Delhi and Jaipur, are renowned for their large stone structures, such as the Samrat Yantra and the Jai Prakash Yantra, which were used for astronomical observations and timekeeping.

Which Indian observatory is known for its studies of gravitational waves?

  1. Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), India

  2. National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune

  3. Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune

  4. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Uttarakhand


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) has a facility in India, located in Hingoli, Maharashtra, which is part of the global network of LIGO detectors used to detect and study gravitational waves.

What is the primary focus of the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES)?

  1. Optical Astronomy

  2. Radio Astronomy

  3. Infrared Astronomy

  4. X-ray Astronomy


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences in Uttarakhand primarily focuses on optical astronomy, utilizing telescopes to study celestial objects in visible light.

Which Indian observatory is known for its contributions to X-ray astronomy?

  1. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai

  2. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru

  3. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Uttarakhand

  4. Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai houses the X-ray Astronomy Group, which is actively involved in the study of X-ray sources and high-energy astrophysics.

What is the unique feature of the Devasthal Optical Telescope (DOT)?

  1. It is the largest optical telescope in India.

  2. It is located at a high altitude for better atmospheric conditions.

  3. It is equipped with adaptive optics for correcting atmospheric distortions.

  4. It is primarily used for public outreach and educational purposes.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Devasthal Optical Telescope (DOT) is located at a high altitude in the Himalayas, providing excellent atmospheric conditions for astronomical observations with minimal interference from light pollution and atmospheric turbulence.

Which Indian observatory is known for its studies of cosmic rays?

  1. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai

  2. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru

  3. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Uttarakhand

  4. National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai houses the Cosmic Ray Group, which is actively involved in the study of cosmic rays and their interactions with the Earth's atmosphere.

What is the primary focus of the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA)?

  1. Optical Astronomy

  2. Radio Astronomy

  3. Infrared Astronomy

  4. Theoretical Astrophysics


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics in Pune primarily focuses on theoretical astrophysics, conducting research in areas such as cosmology, gravitation, and astroparticle physics.

Which Indian observatory is known for its contributions to neutrino astronomy?

  1. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai

  2. Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru

  3. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Uttarakhand

  4. National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Pune


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai houses the Neutrino Group, which is actively involved in the study of neutrinos and their properties, including neutrino oscillations and neutrino mass.

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