ARIES is located in Nainital, Uttarakhand, and is known for its research in solar physics, stellar astronomy, and astrophysics.

The Vainu Bappu Observatory is located in Kavalur, Tamil Nadu, and is known for its contributions to optical and infrared astronomy.

The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) is located near Pune, Maharashtra, and is one of the largest radio telescopes in the world.

The Indian Astronomical Observatory (IAO) is located in Hanle, Ladakh, which is part of the union territory of Ladakh.

ARIES is known for its research in solar physics, including studies of solar flares, sunspots, and coronal mass ejections.

The Vainu Bappu Observatory is known for its contributions to optical and infrared astronomy, including studies of stars, galaxies, and nebulae.

The Indian Astronomical Observatory (IAO) is known for its studies of cosmic rays, which are high-energy particles that originate from outside the solar system.

The GMRT is a radio telescope, which means it is used to observe radio waves emitted by celestial objects.

The Indian Astronomical Observatory (IAO) is located at an altitude of 4,500 meters (14,764 feet) in Hanle, Ladakh, making it the highest altitude observatory in India.

The Vainu Bappu Observatory is known for its contributions to the study of stars, including their evolution, composition, and behavior.

None of the observatories mentioned are primarily focused on X-ray astronomy.

The GMRT is located near Pune, Maharashtra.

None of the observatories mentioned are primarily focused on gamma-ray astronomy.

The IAO is known for its studies of cosmic rays, which are high-energy particles that originate from outside the solar system.

The Vainu Bappu Observatory is known for its contributions to infrared astronomy, including studies of star formation and the evolution of galaxies.