Plato believed that art should serve a didactic purpose, using its power to convey moral truths and shape human behavior.

The theory of aesthetic autonomy asserts that art should be evaluated based on its intrinsic aesthetic qualities, independent of any moral or utilitarian considerations.

The 'art for art's sake' movement emphasizes the intrinsic value of art, asserting that its primary purpose is to create beauty and provide aesthetic pleasure, rather than serve any didactic or utilitarian function.

Aristotle believed that art, particularly tragedy, has the ability to evoke pity and fear, leading to a catharsis or purification of emotions, which ultimately elevates the soul.

Moral criticism in art involves analyzing and evaluating the moral values and ethical issues presented or implied within the artwork.

Those who believe that art can be morally harmful argue that it has the potential to negatively influence emotions, behaviors, and moral values.

The concept of 'moral imagination' in art refers to the ability of art to foster empathy and understanding of diverse perspectives, allowing viewers to consider moral issues from different viewpoints.

Hegel believed that art has the capacity to reveal profound truths about the human condition and provide insight into the nature of morality.

Critics of the view that art should be judged solely on its aesthetic merits argue that it neglects the moral, social, and historical dimensions of art.

The theory of 'art as a mirror of society' asserts that art's primary purpose is to reflect the social and cultural realities of its time, often providing commentary on political and social issues and aiming to promote social change.

Nietzsche believed that art has the ability to challenge and transform moral values, offering new perspectives and ways of thinking about morality.

Proponents of the view that art can be a source of moral guidance argue that it has the potential to provide insights into human nature, inspire moral reflection, and foster empathy and understanding.

Ethical formalism in art criticism emphasizes the evaluation of the artwork's moral content and messages, assessing whether it promotes positive or negative moral values.

Plato believed that art, particularly certain forms of poetry and music, has the ability to transcend the physical world and provide a glimpse into the realm of Forms, revealing the true nature of reality.

Advocates of the view that art should be free from moral constraints argue that art should not be limited by moral considerations and should be allowed to explore diverse perspectives and express the artist's creativity without censorship.